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RNA Binding Proteins as Pioneer Determinants of Infection: Protective, Proviral, or Both?

As the first intracellular host factors that directly interact with the genomes of RNA viruses, RNA binding proteins (RBPs) have a profound impact on the outcome of an infection. Recent discoveries brought about by new methodologies have led to an unprecedented ability to peer into the earliest even...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lisy, Samantha, Rothamel, Katherine, Ascano, Manuel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8625426/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34834978
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13112172
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author Lisy, Samantha
Rothamel, Katherine
Ascano, Manuel
author_facet Lisy, Samantha
Rothamel, Katherine
Ascano, Manuel
author_sort Lisy, Samantha
collection PubMed
description As the first intracellular host factors that directly interact with the genomes of RNA viruses, RNA binding proteins (RBPs) have a profound impact on the outcome of an infection. Recent discoveries brought about by new methodologies have led to an unprecedented ability to peer into the earliest events between viral RNA and the RBPs that act upon them. These discoveries have sparked a re-evaluation of current paradigms surrounding RBPs and post-transcriptional gene regulation. Here, we highlight questions that have bloomed from the implementation of these novel approaches. Canonical RBPs can impact the fates of both cellular and viral RNA during infection, sometimes in conflicting ways. Noncanonical RBPs, some of which were first characterized via interactions with viral RNA, may encompass physiological roles beyond viral pathogenesis. We discuss how these RBPs might discriminate between an RNA of either cellular or viral origin and thus exert either pro- or antiviral effects—which is a particular challenge as viruses contain mechanisms to mimic molecular features of cellular RNA.
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spelling pubmed-86254262021-11-27 RNA Binding Proteins as Pioneer Determinants of Infection: Protective, Proviral, or Both? Lisy, Samantha Rothamel, Katherine Ascano, Manuel Viruses Review As the first intracellular host factors that directly interact with the genomes of RNA viruses, RNA binding proteins (RBPs) have a profound impact on the outcome of an infection. Recent discoveries brought about by new methodologies have led to an unprecedented ability to peer into the earliest events between viral RNA and the RBPs that act upon them. These discoveries have sparked a re-evaluation of current paradigms surrounding RBPs and post-transcriptional gene regulation. Here, we highlight questions that have bloomed from the implementation of these novel approaches. Canonical RBPs can impact the fates of both cellular and viral RNA during infection, sometimes in conflicting ways. Noncanonical RBPs, some of which were first characterized via interactions with viral RNA, may encompass physiological roles beyond viral pathogenesis. We discuss how these RBPs might discriminate between an RNA of either cellular or viral origin and thus exert either pro- or antiviral effects—which is a particular challenge as viruses contain mechanisms to mimic molecular features of cellular RNA. MDPI 2021-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8625426/ /pubmed/34834978 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13112172 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Lisy, Samantha
Rothamel, Katherine
Ascano, Manuel
RNA Binding Proteins as Pioneer Determinants of Infection: Protective, Proviral, or Both?
title RNA Binding Proteins as Pioneer Determinants of Infection: Protective, Proviral, or Both?
title_full RNA Binding Proteins as Pioneer Determinants of Infection: Protective, Proviral, or Both?
title_fullStr RNA Binding Proteins as Pioneer Determinants of Infection: Protective, Proviral, or Both?
title_full_unstemmed RNA Binding Proteins as Pioneer Determinants of Infection: Protective, Proviral, or Both?
title_short RNA Binding Proteins as Pioneer Determinants of Infection: Protective, Proviral, or Both?
title_sort rna binding proteins as pioneer determinants of infection: protective, proviral, or both?
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8625426/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34834978
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13112172
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