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Development of a Hamster Natural Transmission Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

The global pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to an international thrust to study pathogenesis and evaluate interventions. Experimental infection of hamsters and the resulting respiratory disease is...

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Autores principales: Dowall, Stuart, Salguero, Francisco J., Wiblin, Nathan, Fotheringham, Susan, Hatch, Graham, Parks, Simon, Gowan, Kathryn, Harris, Debbie, Carnell, Oliver, Fell, Rachel, Watson, Robert, Graham, Victoria, Gooch, Karen, Hall, Yper, Mizen, Simon, Hewson, Roger
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8625437/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34835057
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13112251
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author Dowall, Stuart
Salguero, Francisco J.
Wiblin, Nathan
Fotheringham, Susan
Hatch, Graham
Parks, Simon
Gowan, Kathryn
Harris, Debbie
Carnell, Oliver
Fell, Rachel
Watson, Robert
Graham, Victoria
Gooch, Karen
Hall, Yper
Mizen, Simon
Hewson, Roger
author_facet Dowall, Stuart
Salguero, Francisco J.
Wiblin, Nathan
Fotheringham, Susan
Hatch, Graham
Parks, Simon
Gowan, Kathryn
Harris, Debbie
Carnell, Oliver
Fell, Rachel
Watson, Robert
Graham, Victoria
Gooch, Karen
Hall, Yper
Mizen, Simon
Hewson, Roger
author_sort Dowall, Stuart
collection PubMed
description The global pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to an international thrust to study pathogenesis and evaluate interventions. Experimental infection of hamsters and the resulting respiratory disease is one of the preferred animal models since clinical signs of disease and virus shedding are similar to more severe cases of human COVID-19. The main route of challenge has been direct inoculation of the virus via the intranasal route. To resemble the natural infection, we designed a bespoke natural transmission cage system to assess whether recipient animals housed in physically separate adjacent cages could become infected from a challenged donor animal in a central cage, with equal airflow across the two side cages. To optimise viral shedding in the donor animals, a low and moderate challenge dose were compared after direct intranasal challenge, but similar viral shedding responses were observed and no discernible difference in kinetics. The results from our natural transmission set-up demonstrate that most recipient hamsters are infected within the system developed, with variation in the kinetics and levels of disease between individual animals. Common clinical outputs used for the assessment in directly-challenged hamsters, such as weight loss, are less obvious in hamsters who become infected from naturally acquiring the infection. The results demonstrate the utility of a natural transmission model for further work on assessing the differences between virus strains and evaluating interventions using a challenge system which more closely resembles human infection.
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spelling pubmed-86254372021-11-27 Development of a Hamster Natural Transmission Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Dowall, Stuart Salguero, Francisco J. Wiblin, Nathan Fotheringham, Susan Hatch, Graham Parks, Simon Gowan, Kathryn Harris, Debbie Carnell, Oliver Fell, Rachel Watson, Robert Graham, Victoria Gooch, Karen Hall, Yper Mizen, Simon Hewson, Roger Viruses Article The global pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to an international thrust to study pathogenesis and evaluate interventions. Experimental infection of hamsters and the resulting respiratory disease is one of the preferred animal models since clinical signs of disease and virus shedding are similar to more severe cases of human COVID-19. The main route of challenge has been direct inoculation of the virus via the intranasal route. To resemble the natural infection, we designed a bespoke natural transmission cage system to assess whether recipient animals housed in physically separate adjacent cages could become infected from a challenged donor animal in a central cage, with equal airflow across the two side cages. To optimise viral shedding in the donor animals, a low and moderate challenge dose were compared after direct intranasal challenge, but similar viral shedding responses were observed and no discernible difference in kinetics. The results from our natural transmission set-up demonstrate that most recipient hamsters are infected within the system developed, with variation in the kinetics and levels of disease between individual animals. Common clinical outputs used for the assessment in directly-challenged hamsters, such as weight loss, are less obvious in hamsters who become infected from naturally acquiring the infection. The results demonstrate the utility of a natural transmission model for further work on assessing the differences between virus strains and evaluating interventions using a challenge system which more closely resembles human infection. MDPI 2021-11-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8625437/ /pubmed/34835057 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13112251 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Dowall, Stuart
Salguero, Francisco J.
Wiblin, Nathan
Fotheringham, Susan
Hatch, Graham
Parks, Simon
Gowan, Kathryn
Harris, Debbie
Carnell, Oliver
Fell, Rachel
Watson, Robert
Graham, Victoria
Gooch, Karen
Hall, Yper
Mizen, Simon
Hewson, Roger
Development of a Hamster Natural Transmission Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title Development of a Hamster Natural Transmission Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_full Development of a Hamster Natural Transmission Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_fullStr Development of a Hamster Natural Transmission Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_full_unstemmed Development of a Hamster Natural Transmission Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_short Development of a Hamster Natural Transmission Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_sort development of a hamster natural transmission model of sars-cov-2 infection
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8625437/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34835057
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13112251
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