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Effect of Leg Extension Angle on Knee Flexion Angle during Swing Phase in Post-Stroke Gait

Background and Objectives: Leg extension angle is important for increasing the propulsion force during gait and is a meaningful indicator for evaluating gait quality in stroke patients. Although leg extension angle during late stance might potentially also affect lower limb kinematics during the swi...

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Autores principales: Matsuzawa, Yuta, Miyazaki, Takasuke, Takeshita, Yasufumi, Higashi, Naoto, Hayashi, Hiroyuki, Araki, Sota, Nakatsuji, Shintaro, Fukunaga, Seiji, Kawada, Masayuki, Kiyama, Ryoji
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8625603/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34833440
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57111222
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author Matsuzawa, Yuta
Miyazaki, Takasuke
Takeshita, Yasufumi
Higashi, Naoto
Hayashi, Hiroyuki
Araki, Sota
Nakatsuji, Shintaro
Fukunaga, Seiji
Kawada, Masayuki
Kiyama, Ryoji
author_facet Matsuzawa, Yuta
Miyazaki, Takasuke
Takeshita, Yasufumi
Higashi, Naoto
Hayashi, Hiroyuki
Araki, Sota
Nakatsuji, Shintaro
Fukunaga, Seiji
Kawada, Masayuki
Kiyama, Ryoji
author_sort Matsuzawa, Yuta
collection PubMed
description Background and Objectives: Leg extension angle is important for increasing the propulsion force during gait and is a meaningful indicator for evaluating gait quality in stroke patients. Although leg extension angle during late stance might potentially also affect lower limb kinematics during the swing phase, the relationship between these two remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between leg extension angle and knee flexion angle during pre-swing and swing phase in post-stroke gait. Materials and Methods: Twenty-nine stroke patients walked along a 16 m walkway at a self-selected speed. Tilt angles and acceleration of pelvis and paretic lower limb segments were measured using inertial measurement units. Leg extension angle, consisting of a line connecting the hip joint with the ankle joint, hip and knee angles, and increments of velocity during pre-swing and swing phase were calculated. Correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between these parameters. Partial correlation analysis adjusted by the Fugl-Meyer assessment-lower limb (FMA-LL) was also performed. Results: On the paretic side, leg extension angle was positively correlated with knee flexion angle during the swing phase (r = 0.721, p < 0.001) and knee flexion angle and increments of velocity during the pre-swing phase (r = 0.740–0.846, p < 0.001). Partial correlation analysis adjusted by the FMA-LL showed significant correlation between leg extension angle and knee flexion angle during the swing phase (r = 0.602, p = 0.001) and knee flexion angle and increments of velocity during the pre-swing phase (r = 0.655–0.886, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Leg extension angle affected kinematics during the swing phase in post-stroke gait regardless of the severity of paralysis, and was similar during the pre-swing phase. These results would guide the development of effective gait training programs that enable a safe and efficient gait for stroke patients.
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spelling pubmed-86256032021-11-27 Effect of Leg Extension Angle on Knee Flexion Angle during Swing Phase in Post-Stroke Gait Matsuzawa, Yuta Miyazaki, Takasuke Takeshita, Yasufumi Higashi, Naoto Hayashi, Hiroyuki Araki, Sota Nakatsuji, Shintaro Fukunaga, Seiji Kawada, Masayuki Kiyama, Ryoji Medicina (Kaunas) Article Background and Objectives: Leg extension angle is important for increasing the propulsion force during gait and is a meaningful indicator for evaluating gait quality in stroke patients. Although leg extension angle during late stance might potentially also affect lower limb kinematics during the swing phase, the relationship between these two remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between leg extension angle and knee flexion angle during pre-swing and swing phase in post-stroke gait. Materials and Methods: Twenty-nine stroke patients walked along a 16 m walkway at a self-selected speed. Tilt angles and acceleration of pelvis and paretic lower limb segments were measured using inertial measurement units. Leg extension angle, consisting of a line connecting the hip joint with the ankle joint, hip and knee angles, and increments of velocity during pre-swing and swing phase were calculated. Correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between these parameters. Partial correlation analysis adjusted by the Fugl-Meyer assessment-lower limb (FMA-LL) was also performed. Results: On the paretic side, leg extension angle was positively correlated with knee flexion angle during the swing phase (r = 0.721, p < 0.001) and knee flexion angle and increments of velocity during the pre-swing phase (r = 0.740–0.846, p < 0.001). Partial correlation analysis adjusted by the FMA-LL showed significant correlation between leg extension angle and knee flexion angle during the swing phase (r = 0.602, p = 0.001) and knee flexion angle and increments of velocity during the pre-swing phase (r = 0.655–0.886, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Leg extension angle affected kinematics during the swing phase in post-stroke gait regardless of the severity of paralysis, and was similar during the pre-swing phase. These results would guide the development of effective gait training programs that enable a safe and efficient gait for stroke patients. MDPI 2021-11-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8625603/ /pubmed/34833440 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57111222 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Matsuzawa, Yuta
Miyazaki, Takasuke
Takeshita, Yasufumi
Higashi, Naoto
Hayashi, Hiroyuki
Araki, Sota
Nakatsuji, Shintaro
Fukunaga, Seiji
Kawada, Masayuki
Kiyama, Ryoji
Effect of Leg Extension Angle on Knee Flexion Angle during Swing Phase in Post-Stroke Gait
title Effect of Leg Extension Angle on Knee Flexion Angle during Swing Phase in Post-Stroke Gait
title_full Effect of Leg Extension Angle on Knee Flexion Angle during Swing Phase in Post-Stroke Gait
title_fullStr Effect of Leg Extension Angle on Knee Flexion Angle during Swing Phase in Post-Stroke Gait
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Leg Extension Angle on Knee Flexion Angle during Swing Phase in Post-Stroke Gait
title_short Effect of Leg Extension Angle on Knee Flexion Angle during Swing Phase in Post-Stroke Gait
title_sort effect of leg extension angle on knee flexion angle during swing phase in post-stroke gait
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8625603/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34833440
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57111222
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