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Dimensionality of the Chinese CES-D: Is It Stable across Gender, Time, and Samples?

Depression is a common mental illness among Chinese adolescents. Although the Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) has been widely used in diverse populations, the reported factor structures are inconsistent, and its longitudinal invariance is under-researched. This study examined the ps...

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Autores principales: Dou, Diya, Shek, Daniel T. L., Zhu, Xiaoqin, Zhao, Li
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8625664/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34831573
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211818
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author Dou, Diya
Shek, Daniel T. L.
Zhu, Xiaoqin
Zhao, Li
author_facet Dou, Diya
Shek, Daniel T. L.
Zhu, Xiaoqin
Zhao, Li
author_sort Dou, Diya
collection PubMed
description Depression is a common mental illness among Chinese adolescents. Although the Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) has been widely used in diverse populations, the reported factor structures are inconsistent, and its longitudinal invariance is under-researched. This study examined the psychometric properties and factorial invariance across gender and time of the CES-D among Chinese adolescents. Adolescents aged above 11 years from five schools in Chengdu responded to a questionnaire at Wave 1 (n = 5690). Among them, 4981 participants completed the same questionnaire after six months (Wave 2). The matched sample was composed of 4922 students (51.5% were girls; mean age = 13.15 years) at Wave 1. We used exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine the factor structure and performed multi-group CFA to test the factorial invariance across gender and time. A three-factor solution was identified, including “positive affect”, “somatic complaints”, and “depressed affect”. Results of multi-group CFA comparisons supported the factorial invariance of the resultant three-factor solution. Using a new sample of Chinese adolescents in Southwestern China, the present study reproduced earlier findings on adolescents in other areas in China. This study has implications for depression assessment and research in Chinese adolescents.
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spelling pubmed-86256642021-11-27 Dimensionality of the Chinese CES-D: Is It Stable across Gender, Time, and Samples? Dou, Diya Shek, Daniel T. L. Zhu, Xiaoqin Zhao, Li Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Depression is a common mental illness among Chinese adolescents. Although the Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) has been widely used in diverse populations, the reported factor structures are inconsistent, and its longitudinal invariance is under-researched. This study examined the psychometric properties and factorial invariance across gender and time of the CES-D among Chinese adolescents. Adolescents aged above 11 years from five schools in Chengdu responded to a questionnaire at Wave 1 (n = 5690). Among them, 4981 participants completed the same questionnaire after six months (Wave 2). The matched sample was composed of 4922 students (51.5% were girls; mean age = 13.15 years) at Wave 1. We used exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine the factor structure and performed multi-group CFA to test the factorial invariance across gender and time. A three-factor solution was identified, including “positive affect”, “somatic complaints”, and “depressed affect”. Results of multi-group CFA comparisons supported the factorial invariance of the resultant three-factor solution. Using a new sample of Chinese adolescents in Southwestern China, the present study reproduced earlier findings on adolescents in other areas in China. This study has implications for depression assessment and research in Chinese adolescents. MDPI 2021-11-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8625664/ /pubmed/34831573 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211818 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Dou, Diya
Shek, Daniel T. L.
Zhu, Xiaoqin
Zhao, Li
Dimensionality of the Chinese CES-D: Is It Stable across Gender, Time, and Samples?
title Dimensionality of the Chinese CES-D: Is It Stable across Gender, Time, and Samples?
title_full Dimensionality of the Chinese CES-D: Is It Stable across Gender, Time, and Samples?
title_fullStr Dimensionality of the Chinese CES-D: Is It Stable across Gender, Time, and Samples?
title_full_unstemmed Dimensionality of the Chinese CES-D: Is It Stable across Gender, Time, and Samples?
title_short Dimensionality of the Chinese CES-D: Is It Stable across Gender, Time, and Samples?
title_sort dimensionality of the chinese ces-d: is it stable across gender, time, and samples?
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8625664/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34831573
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211818
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