Outcomes After Switching to BIC/FTC/TAF in Patients with Virological Failure to Protease Inhibitors or Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors: A Real-World Cohort Study

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the real-world tolerability and treatment effectiveness of BIC/FTC/TAF in treatment-experienced patients living with HIV-1 in Taiwan, especially in those with viremia at switch. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of adult patients in Taiwan with HIV-1 who received BIC/FTC/TAF from between November 2019 and November 2020. The primary endpoint was the rate of viral suppression (plasma HIV RNA load <50 copies/mL) while on BIC/FTC/TAF. The secondary endpoints included durability of treatment, incidence of and reasons for discontinuation of BIC/FTC/TAF, and changes in weight and lipid profiles. RESULTS: A total of 175 patients were switched to BIC/FTC/TAF. Among them, 74 patients (42%) were using INSTI based regimen, 34 patients (19%) NNRTI based regimen and 65 patients (37%) with PI based regimen before switching. Before starting BIC/FTC/TAF, 84.6% of the patients were virologically suppressed, of whom 97.3% maintained suppression while on BIC/FTC/TAF. Overall, 15.4% of the patients (n=27) had a detectable viral load before BIC/FTC/TAF, of whom 81.5% achieved and maintained virologic suppression on BIC/FTC/TAF during follow-up. Only two patients discontinued BIC/FTC/TAF due to adverse events, with rash being the predominant cause. By month 12, the median changes in weight was +4 kg (IQR, −1.8 to 8.2). There were no significant differences from baseline to the end of follow-up in triglycerides (p = 0.07), total cholesterol (p = 0.92), LDL-C (p = 0.12), and HDL-C (p = 0.053). CONCLUSION: The results of this real-world cohort study suggest that switching to BIC/FTC/TAF may be an option to achieve and maintain virological suppression, even in patients with residual viremia at baseline. Our results also demonstrated a low discontinuation rate, a moderate gain in weight, and no significant increases in lipid levels with BIC/FTC/TAF. However, studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to evaluate the clinical implications of our findings.