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The Four Horsemen of Fear: An Integrated Model of Understanding Fear Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic
In this article, we argue that fear experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic are organized on the psychological level around four interrelated dialectical domains, namely (1) fear of the body/fear for the body, (2) fear of significant others/fear for significant others, (3) fear of not knowing/fear...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Giovanni Fioriti Editore srl
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8629088/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34908966 http://dx.doi.org/10.36131/CN20200202 |
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author | Schimmenti, Adriano Billieux, Joël Starcevic, Vladan |
author_facet | Schimmenti, Adriano Billieux, Joël Starcevic, Vladan |
author_sort | Schimmenti, Adriano |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this article, we argue that fear experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic are organized on the psychological level around four interrelated dialectical domains, namely (1) fear of the body/fear for the body, (2) fear of significant others/fear for significant others, (3) fear of not knowing/fear of knowing, and (4) fear of taking action/fear of inaction. These domains represent the bodily, interpersonal, cognitive, and behavioural features of fear, respectively. We propose ways of addressing these fears and minimising their impact by improving appraisal of the body, fostering attachment security, improving emotion regulation, adopting acceptance and promoting responsibility. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8629088 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Giovanni Fioriti Editore srl |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86290882021-12-13 The Four Horsemen of Fear: An Integrated Model of Understanding Fear Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic Schimmenti, Adriano Billieux, Joël Starcevic, Vladan Clin Neuropsychiatry Perspective Article In this article, we argue that fear experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic are organized on the psychological level around four interrelated dialectical domains, namely (1) fear of the body/fear for the body, (2) fear of significant others/fear for significant others, (3) fear of not knowing/fear of knowing, and (4) fear of taking action/fear of inaction. These domains represent the bodily, interpersonal, cognitive, and behavioural features of fear, respectively. We propose ways of addressing these fears and minimising their impact by improving appraisal of the body, fostering attachment security, improving emotion regulation, adopting acceptance and promoting responsibility. Giovanni Fioriti Editore srl 2020-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8629088/ /pubmed/34908966 http://dx.doi.org/10.36131/CN20200202 Text en © 2020 Giovanni Fioriti Editore s.r.l. This is an open access article. Distribution and reproduction are permitted in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Perspective Article Schimmenti, Adriano Billieux, Joël Starcevic, Vladan The Four Horsemen of Fear: An Integrated Model of Understanding Fear Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic |
title | The Four Horsemen of Fear: An Integrated Model of Understanding Fear Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic |
title_full | The Four Horsemen of Fear: An Integrated Model of Understanding Fear Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic |
title_fullStr | The Four Horsemen of Fear: An Integrated Model of Understanding Fear Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic |
title_full_unstemmed | The Four Horsemen of Fear: An Integrated Model of Understanding Fear Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic |
title_short | The Four Horsemen of Fear: An Integrated Model of Understanding Fear Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic |
title_sort | four horsemen of fear: an integrated model of understanding fear experiences during the covid-19 pandemic |
topic | Perspective Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8629088/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34908966 http://dx.doi.org/10.36131/CN20200202 |
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