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The Four Horsemen of Fear: An Integrated Model of Understanding Fear Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic

In this article, we argue that fear experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic are organized on the psychological level around four interrelated dialectical domains, namely (1) fear of the body/fear for the body, (2) fear of significant others/fear for significant others, (3) fear of not knowing/fear...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Schimmenti, Adriano, Billieux, Joël, Starcevic, Vladan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Giovanni Fioriti Editore srl 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8629088/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34908966
http://dx.doi.org/10.36131/CN20200202
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author Schimmenti, Adriano
Billieux, Joël
Starcevic, Vladan
author_facet Schimmenti, Adriano
Billieux, Joël
Starcevic, Vladan
author_sort Schimmenti, Adriano
collection PubMed
description In this article, we argue that fear experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic are organized on the psychological level around four interrelated dialectical domains, namely (1) fear of the body/fear for the body, (2) fear of significant others/fear for significant others, (3) fear of not knowing/fear of knowing, and (4) fear of taking action/fear of inaction. These domains represent the bodily, interpersonal, cognitive, and behavioural features of fear, respectively. We propose ways of addressing these fears and minimising their impact by improving appraisal of the body, fostering attachment security, improving emotion regulation, adopting acceptance and promoting responsibility.
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spelling pubmed-86290882021-12-13 The Four Horsemen of Fear: An Integrated Model of Understanding Fear Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic Schimmenti, Adriano Billieux, Joël Starcevic, Vladan Clin Neuropsychiatry Perspective Article In this article, we argue that fear experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic are organized on the psychological level around four interrelated dialectical domains, namely (1) fear of the body/fear for the body, (2) fear of significant others/fear for significant others, (3) fear of not knowing/fear of knowing, and (4) fear of taking action/fear of inaction. These domains represent the bodily, interpersonal, cognitive, and behavioural features of fear, respectively. We propose ways of addressing these fears and minimising their impact by improving appraisal of the body, fostering attachment security, improving emotion regulation, adopting acceptance and promoting responsibility. Giovanni Fioriti Editore srl 2020-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8629088/ /pubmed/34908966 http://dx.doi.org/10.36131/CN20200202 Text en © 2020 Giovanni Fioriti Editore s.r.l. This is an open access article. Distribution and reproduction are permitted in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
spellingShingle Perspective Article
Schimmenti, Adriano
Billieux, Joël
Starcevic, Vladan
The Four Horsemen of Fear: An Integrated Model of Understanding Fear Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic
title The Four Horsemen of Fear: An Integrated Model of Understanding Fear Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic
title_full The Four Horsemen of Fear: An Integrated Model of Understanding Fear Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic
title_fullStr The Four Horsemen of Fear: An Integrated Model of Understanding Fear Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic
title_full_unstemmed The Four Horsemen of Fear: An Integrated Model of Understanding Fear Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic
title_short The Four Horsemen of Fear: An Integrated Model of Understanding Fear Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic
title_sort four horsemen of fear: an integrated model of understanding fear experiences during the covid-19 pandemic
topic Perspective Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8629088/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34908966
http://dx.doi.org/10.36131/CN20200202
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