Association of Soluble Suppression of Tumorigenicity with No-Reflow Phenomenon and Long-Term Prognosis in Patients with Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Aims: Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) was validated to independently predict prognosis for heart failure (HF) and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relation between sST2 and coronary artery stenosis, and no-reflow phenomenon and one-year prognosis in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS). Methods: This prospective study consecutively enrolled 205 patients who were diagnosed with NSTE-ACS and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). sST2 was measured for all patients during admission. Patients were divided into two groups based on the optimal cutoff value: sST2 ＞34.2 ng/ml and sST2 ≤ 34.2 ng/ml groups. Results: Patients in the sST2 ＞34.2 ng/ml group was associated with higher Gensini scores and multivessel disease. sST2 had weak predictive value for no-reflow phenomenon (area under the curve [AUC], 0.662; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53–0.79; P =0.015) with 66.7% sensitivity and 65.2% specificity, and it also had independent predictive value of no-reflow phenomenon after adjusting for confounding factors (odds ratio [OR], 3.802; 95% CI, 1.03–14.11; P =0.046). sST2 ＞34.2 ng/ml had a commendable predictive value for the one-year prognosis (AUC, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.75–0.93; P ＜0.001) with 72% sensitivity and 84% specificity, and it independently predicted one-year major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) (hazard ratio [HR], 10.22; 95% CI, 4.05–25.7; P ＜0.001). Conclusion: The sST2 concentration on admission is correlated with the degree of coronary artery stenosis. sST2 can predict both no-reflow and MACCE in patients with NSTE-ACS after PCI and was an independent predictor of MACCE and no-reflow phenomenon.