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Protein Composition and Associated Material Properties of Cobweb Spiders’ Gumfoot Glue Droplets

The origin of aggregate silk glands and their production of wet adhesive silks is considered a key innovation of the Araneoidea, a superfamily of spiders that build orb-webs and cobwebs. Orb-web weavers place aggregate glue on an extensible capture spiral, whereas cobweb weavers add it to the ends o...

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Autores principales: Ayoub, Nadia A, Friend, Kyle, Clarke, Thomas, Baker, Richard, Correa-Garhwal, Sandra M, Crean, Andrew, Dendev, Enkhbileg, Foster, Delaney, Hoff, Lorden, Kelly, Sean D, Patterson, Wade, Hayashi, Cheryl Y, Opell, Brent D
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8631074/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34003260
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icab086
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author Ayoub, Nadia A
Friend, Kyle
Clarke, Thomas
Baker, Richard
Correa-Garhwal, Sandra M
Crean, Andrew
Dendev, Enkhbileg
Foster, Delaney
Hoff, Lorden
Kelly, Sean D
Patterson, Wade
Hayashi, Cheryl Y
Opell, Brent D
author_facet Ayoub, Nadia A
Friend, Kyle
Clarke, Thomas
Baker, Richard
Correa-Garhwal, Sandra M
Crean, Andrew
Dendev, Enkhbileg
Foster, Delaney
Hoff, Lorden
Kelly, Sean D
Patterson, Wade
Hayashi, Cheryl Y
Opell, Brent D
author_sort Ayoub, Nadia A
collection PubMed
description The origin of aggregate silk glands and their production of wet adhesive silks is considered a key innovation of the Araneoidea, a superfamily of spiders that build orb-webs and cobwebs. Orb-web weavers place aggregate glue on an extensible capture spiral, whereas cobweb weavers add it to the ends of strong, stiff fibers, called gumfoot lines. Here we describe the material behavior and quantitative proteomics of the aggregate glues of two cobweb weaving species, the western black widow, Latrodectus hesperus, and the common house spider, Parasteatoda tepidariorum. For each species, respectively, we identified 48 and 33 proteins that were significantly more abundant in the portion of the gumfoot line with glue than in its fibers. These proteins were more highly glycosylated and phosphorylated than proteins found in silk fibers without glue, which likely explains aggregate glue stickiness. Most glue-enriched proteins were of anterior aggregate gland origin, supporting the hypothesis that cobweb weavers’ posterior aggregate glue is specialized for another function. We found that cobweb weaver glue droplets are stiffer and tougher than the adhesive of most orb-web weaving species. Attributes of gumfoot glue protein composition that likely contribute to this stiffness include the presence of multiple protein families with conserved cysteine residues, a bimodal distribution of isoelectric points, and families with conserved functions in protein aggregation, all of which should contribute to cohesive protein–protein interactions. House spider aggregate droplets were more responsive to humidity changes than black widow droplets, which could be mediated by differences in protein sequence, post-translational modifications, the non-protein components of the glue droplets, and/or the larger amount of aqueous material that surrounds the adhesive cores of their glue droplets.
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spelling pubmed-86310742021-12-01 Protein Composition and Associated Material Properties of Cobweb Spiders’ Gumfoot Glue Droplets Ayoub, Nadia A Friend, Kyle Clarke, Thomas Baker, Richard Correa-Garhwal, Sandra M Crean, Andrew Dendev, Enkhbileg Foster, Delaney Hoff, Lorden Kelly, Sean D Patterson, Wade Hayashi, Cheryl Y Opell, Brent D Integr Comp Biol Symposium The origin of aggregate silk glands and their production of wet adhesive silks is considered a key innovation of the Araneoidea, a superfamily of spiders that build orb-webs and cobwebs. Orb-web weavers place aggregate glue on an extensible capture spiral, whereas cobweb weavers add it to the ends of strong, stiff fibers, called gumfoot lines. Here we describe the material behavior and quantitative proteomics of the aggregate glues of two cobweb weaving species, the western black widow, Latrodectus hesperus, and the common house spider, Parasteatoda tepidariorum. For each species, respectively, we identified 48 and 33 proteins that were significantly more abundant in the portion of the gumfoot line with glue than in its fibers. These proteins were more highly glycosylated and phosphorylated than proteins found in silk fibers without glue, which likely explains aggregate glue stickiness. Most glue-enriched proteins were of anterior aggregate gland origin, supporting the hypothesis that cobweb weavers’ posterior aggregate glue is specialized for another function. We found that cobweb weaver glue droplets are stiffer and tougher than the adhesive of most orb-web weaving species. Attributes of gumfoot glue protein composition that likely contribute to this stiffness include the presence of multiple protein families with conserved cysteine residues, a bimodal distribution of isoelectric points, and families with conserved functions in protein aggregation, all of which should contribute to cohesive protein–protein interactions. House spider aggregate droplets were more responsive to humidity changes than black widow droplets, which could be mediated by differences in protein sequence, post-translational modifications, the non-protein components of the glue droplets, and/or the larger amount of aqueous material that surrounds the adhesive cores of their glue droplets. Oxford University Press 2021-05-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8631074/ /pubmed/34003260 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icab086 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Symposium
Ayoub, Nadia A
Friend, Kyle
Clarke, Thomas
Baker, Richard
Correa-Garhwal, Sandra M
Crean, Andrew
Dendev, Enkhbileg
Foster, Delaney
Hoff, Lorden
Kelly, Sean D
Patterson, Wade
Hayashi, Cheryl Y
Opell, Brent D
Protein Composition and Associated Material Properties of Cobweb Spiders’ Gumfoot Glue Droplets
title Protein Composition and Associated Material Properties of Cobweb Spiders’ Gumfoot Glue Droplets
title_full Protein Composition and Associated Material Properties of Cobweb Spiders’ Gumfoot Glue Droplets
title_fullStr Protein Composition and Associated Material Properties of Cobweb Spiders’ Gumfoot Glue Droplets
title_full_unstemmed Protein Composition and Associated Material Properties of Cobweb Spiders’ Gumfoot Glue Droplets
title_short Protein Composition and Associated Material Properties of Cobweb Spiders’ Gumfoot Glue Droplets
title_sort protein composition and associated material properties of cobweb spiders’ gumfoot glue droplets
topic Symposium
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8631074/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34003260
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icab086
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