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Association of Apoptosis-Mediated CD4(+) T Lymphopenia With Poor Outcome After Type A Aortic Dissection Surgery

Background: Many patients with type A aortic dissection (AAD) show low lymphocyte counts pre-operatively. The present study investigated the prognostic values of lymphopenia and lymphocyte subsets for the postoperative major adverse events (MAEs) in AAD patients undergoing surgery, and explore mecha...

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Autores principales: Luo, Wei, Sun, Jing-Jing, Tang, Hao, Fu, Di, Hu, Zhan-Lan, Zhou, Hai-Yang, Luo, Wan-Jun, Xu, Jun-Mei, Li, Hui, Dai, Ru-Ping
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8632808/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34869652
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.747467
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author Luo, Wei
Sun, Jing-Jing
Tang, Hao
Fu, Di
Hu, Zhan-Lan
Zhou, Hai-Yang
Luo, Wan-Jun
Xu, Jun-Mei
Li, Hui
Dai, Ru-Ping
author_facet Luo, Wei
Sun, Jing-Jing
Tang, Hao
Fu, Di
Hu, Zhan-Lan
Zhou, Hai-Yang
Luo, Wan-Jun
Xu, Jun-Mei
Li, Hui
Dai, Ru-Ping
author_sort Luo, Wei
collection PubMed
description Background: Many patients with type A aortic dissection (AAD) show low lymphocyte counts pre-operatively. The present study investigated the prognostic values of lymphopenia and lymphocyte subsets for the postoperative major adverse events (MAEs) in AAD patients undergoing surgery, and explore mechanisms of lymphopenia. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed pre-operative lymphocyte counts in 295 AAD patients treated at two hospitals, and evaluated their correlation with MAEs. We prospectively recruited 40 AAD patients and 20 sex- and age-matched healthy donors (HDs), and evaluated lymphocyte subsets, apoptosis, and pyroptosis by flow cytometry. Results: Multivariable regression analysis of the retrospective cohort revealed pre-operative lymphopenia as a strong predictor of MAEs (odds ratio, 4.152; 95% CI, 2.434–7.081; p < 0.001). In the prospective cohort, lymphocyte depletion in the AAD group was mainly due to loss of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells as compared with HDs (CD4(+) T cells: 346.7 ± 183.6 vs. 659.0 ± 214.6 cells/μl, p < 0.0001; CD8(+) T cells: 219.5 ± 178.4 vs. 354.4 ± 121.8 cells/μl, p = 0.0036). The apoptosis rates of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were significantly higher in AAD patients relative to HDs (both p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the pre-operative CD4(+) T cells count at a cut-off value of 357.96 cells/μl was an effective and reliable predictor of MAEs (area under ROC curve = 0.817; 95% CI, 0.684-0.950; sensitivity, 74%; specificity, 81%; p < 0.005). Pre-operative lymphopenia, mainly due to CD4(+) T cells exhaustion by apoptosis, correlates with poor prognosis in AAD patients undergoing surgery. Conclusion: Pre-operative lymphopenia in particular CD4(+) T lymphopenia via apoptosis correlates with poor prognosis in AAD patients undergoing surgery.
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spelling pubmed-86328082021-12-02 Association of Apoptosis-Mediated CD4(+) T Lymphopenia With Poor Outcome After Type A Aortic Dissection Surgery Luo, Wei Sun, Jing-Jing Tang, Hao Fu, Di Hu, Zhan-Lan Zhou, Hai-Yang Luo, Wan-Jun Xu, Jun-Mei Li, Hui Dai, Ru-Ping Front Cardiovasc Med Cardiovascular Medicine Background: Many patients with type A aortic dissection (AAD) show low lymphocyte counts pre-operatively. The present study investigated the prognostic values of lymphopenia and lymphocyte subsets for the postoperative major adverse events (MAEs) in AAD patients undergoing surgery, and explore mechanisms of lymphopenia. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed pre-operative lymphocyte counts in 295 AAD patients treated at two hospitals, and evaluated their correlation with MAEs. We prospectively recruited 40 AAD patients and 20 sex- and age-matched healthy donors (HDs), and evaluated lymphocyte subsets, apoptosis, and pyroptosis by flow cytometry. Results: Multivariable regression analysis of the retrospective cohort revealed pre-operative lymphopenia as a strong predictor of MAEs (odds ratio, 4.152; 95% CI, 2.434–7.081; p < 0.001). In the prospective cohort, lymphocyte depletion in the AAD group was mainly due to loss of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells as compared with HDs (CD4(+) T cells: 346.7 ± 183.6 vs. 659.0 ± 214.6 cells/μl, p < 0.0001; CD8(+) T cells: 219.5 ± 178.4 vs. 354.4 ± 121.8 cells/μl, p = 0.0036). The apoptosis rates of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were significantly higher in AAD patients relative to HDs (both p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the pre-operative CD4(+) T cells count at a cut-off value of 357.96 cells/μl was an effective and reliable predictor of MAEs (area under ROC curve = 0.817; 95% CI, 0.684-0.950; sensitivity, 74%; specificity, 81%; p < 0.005). Pre-operative lymphopenia, mainly due to CD4(+) T cells exhaustion by apoptosis, correlates with poor prognosis in AAD patients undergoing surgery. Conclusion: Pre-operative lymphopenia in particular CD4(+) T lymphopenia via apoptosis correlates with poor prognosis in AAD patients undergoing surgery. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-11-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8632808/ /pubmed/34869652 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.747467 Text en Copyright © 2021 Luo, Sun, Tang, Fu, Hu, Zhou, Luo, Xu, Li and Dai. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cardiovascular Medicine
Luo, Wei
Sun, Jing-Jing
Tang, Hao
Fu, Di
Hu, Zhan-Lan
Zhou, Hai-Yang
Luo, Wan-Jun
Xu, Jun-Mei
Li, Hui
Dai, Ru-Ping
Association of Apoptosis-Mediated CD4(+) T Lymphopenia With Poor Outcome After Type A Aortic Dissection Surgery
title Association of Apoptosis-Mediated CD4(+) T Lymphopenia With Poor Outcome After Type A Aortic Dissection Surgery
title_full Association of Apoptosis-Mediated CD4(+) T Lymphopenia With Poor Outcome After Type A Aortic Dissection Surgery
title_fullStr Association of Apoptosis-Mediated CD4(+) T Lymphopenia With Poor Outcome After Type A Aortic Dissection Surgery
title_full_unstemmed Association of Apoptosis-Mediated CD4(+) T Lymphopenia With Poor Outcome After Type A Aortic Dissection Surgery
title_short Association of Apoptosis-Mediated CD4(+) T Lymphopenia With Poor Outcome After Type A Aortic Dissection Surgery
title_sort association of apoptosis-mediated cd4(+) t lymphopenia with poor outcome after type a aortic dissection surgery
topic Cardiovascular Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8632808/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34869652
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.747467
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