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Copper and zinc hydroxychloride cosupplementation improve growth performance and carcass and reduce diarrhea frequency in grower-finisher pigs

This study investigated copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) hydroxychloride cosupplementation on the growth performance, diarrhea frequency, carcass, meat quality, and antioxidant activity in grower-finisher pigs. A total of 256 pigs were used from 70 to 154 days (d) of age, distributed in four treatments, wi...

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Autores principales: Mendonça, Maitê Vidal, Nakasone, Denis Hideki, Martinez, Cristian Hernando Garcia, Gemelli, Jéssica Luana, Pereira, Angélica Simone Cravo, Pugine, Silvana Marina Piccoli, de Melo, Mariza Pires, de Andrade, André Furugen Cesar, Araújo, Lúcio Francelino, Augusto, Karolina Von Zuben, Yanming, Han, Martins, Simone Maria Massami Kitamura
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8633754/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34859199
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txab202
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author Mendonça, Maitê Vidal
Nakasone, Denis Hideki
Martinez, Cristian Hernando Garcia
Gemelli, Jéssica Luana
Pereira, Angélica Simone Cravo
Pugine, Silvana Marina Piccoli
de Melo, Mariza Pires
de Andrade, André Furugen Cesar
Araújo, Lúcio Francelino
Augusto, Karolina Von Zuben
Yanming, Han
Martins, Simone Maria Massami Kitamura
author_facet Mendonça, Maitê Vidal
Nakasone, Denis Hideki
Martinez, Cristian Hernando Garcia
Gemelli, Jéssica Luana
Pereira, Angélica Simone Cravo
Pugine, Silvana Marina Piccoli
de Melo, Mariza Pires
de Andrade, André Furugen Cesar
Araújo, Lúcio Francelino
Augusto, Karolina Von Zuben
Yanming, Han
Martins, Simone Maria Massami Kitamura
author_sort Mendonça, Maitê Vidal
collection PubMed
description This study investigated copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) hydroxychloride cosupplementation on the growth performance, diarrhea frequency, carcass, meat quality, and antioxidant activity in grower-finisher pigs. A total of 256 pigs were used from 70 to 154 days (d) of age, distributed in four treatments, with eight pigs in each pen and eight replications per treatment. Diets were provided to grower pigs from 70 to 112 days old and in the finisher, 112 to 154 days old. Copper was considered the low level at 100 mg Cu/kg and 90 mg Cu/kg, respectively, and 150 mg Cu/kg in both periods as high in the grower and finisher periods. In the grower and finisher period, zinc was cosupplemented in the diet at 80 mg Zn/kg and 70 mg Zn/kg, respectively. In the diets, T1 and T2 groups are the traditional inorganic sources for minerals (copper sulfate, CuSO(4); zinc oxide, ZnO) and T3 and T4 hydroxychloride sources (copper hydroxychloride, CHC, and zinc hydroxychloride, ZHC). The flavomycin was associated with treatments with low Cu content in the inclusion of 50 g/ton. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, the data were submitted to analysis of PROC MIXED in SAS, the PDIFF test analyzed the treatment effect. At the finisher period, pigs fed both minerals from hydroxychloride source had a higher BW 154 d, average daily gain (ADG) 70 to 154 d, the hot and cold carcass weight and frequency of normal feces than those fed 150 mg Cu/kg and Zn from a traditional inorganic source (P < 0.05). The animals fed low Cu levels of the sulfate source had a higher ADG 70 to 154 d than those fed high Cu levels of the same source (P < 0.05). Pigs fed 150 mg Cu/kg cosupplemented with Zn from a hydroxychloride source had the highest carcass length (P < 0.05). There was no difference among the treatments for meat quality (P > 0.05). Pigs fed 150 mg Cu/kg and Zn from a traditional inorganic source had a higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity than the other treatments (P < 0.05). Animals fed low Cu levels from hydroxychloride had a higher malondialdehyde (MDA) formation than those fed sulfate source, regardless of the Cu levels and those fed high Cu levels of hydroxychloride (P < 0.05). In conclusion, 150 mg Cu/kg as copper sulfate cosupplemented to zinc oxide in the diet of growing and finishing pigs impairs the growth performance, carcass and increases diarrhea frequency, and copper and zinc hydroxychloride cosupplementation improves these characteristics.
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spelling pubmed-86337542021-12-01 Copper and zinc hydroxychloride cosupplementation improve growth performance and carcass and reduce diarrhea frequency in grower-finisher pigs Mendonça, Maitê Vidal Nakasone, Denis Hideki Martinez, Cristian Hernando Garcia Gemelli, Jéssica Luana Pereira, Angélica Simone Cravo Pugine, Silvana Marina Piccoli de Melo, Mariza Pires de Andrade, André Furugen Cesar Araújo, Lúcio Francelino Augusto, Karolina Von Zuben Yanming, Han Martins, Simone Maria Massami Kitamura Transl Anim Sci Non Ruminant Nutrition This study investigated copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) hydroxychloride cosupplementation on the growth performance, diarrhea frequency, carcass, meat quality, and antioxidant activity in grower-finisher pigs. A total of 256 pigs were used from 70 to 154 days (d) of age, distributed in four treatments, with eight pigs in each pen and eight replications per treatment. Diets were provided to grower pigs from 70 to 112 days old and in the finisher, 112 to 154 days old. Copper was considered the low level at 100 mg Cu/kg and 90 mg Cu/kg, respectively, and 150 mg Cu/kg in both periods as high in the grower and finisher periods. In the grower and finisher period, zinc was cosupplemented in the diet at 80 mg Zn/kg and 70 mg Zn/kg, respectively. In the diets, T1 and T2 groups are the traditional inorganic sources for minerals (copper sulfate, CuSO(4); zinc oxide, ZnO) and T3 and T4 hydroxychloride sources (copper hydroxychloride, CHC, and zinc hydroxychloride, ZHC). The flavomycin was associated with treatments with low Cu content in the inclusion of 50 g/ton. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, the data were submitted to analysis of PROC MIXED in SAS, the PDIFF test analyzed the treatment effect. At the finisher period, pigs fed both minerals from hydroxychloride source had a higher BW 154 d, average daily gain (ADG) 70 to 154 d, the hot and cold carcass weight and frequency of normal feces than those fed 150 mg Cu/kg and Zn from a traditional inorganic source (P < 0.05). The animals fed low Cu levels of the sulfate source had a higher ADG 70 to 154 d than those fed high Cu levels of the same source (P < 0.05). Pigs fed 150 mg Cu/kg cosupplemented with Zn from a hydroxychloride source had the highest carcass length (P < 0.05). There was no difference among the treatments for meat quality (P > 0.05). Pigs fed 150 mg Cu/kg and Zn from a traditional inorganic source had a higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity than the other treatments (P < 0.05). Animals fed low Cu levels from hydroxychloride had a higher malondialdehyde (MDA) formation than those fed sulfate source, regardless of the Cu levels and those fed high Cu levels of hydroxychloride (P < 0.05). In conclusion, 150 mg Cu/kg as copper sulfate cosupplemented to zinc oxide in the diet of growing and finishing pigs impairs the growth performance, carcass and increases diarrhea frequency, and copper and zinc hydroxychloride cosupplementation improves these characteristics. Oxford University Press 2021-11-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8633754/ /pubmed/34859199 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txab202 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Non Ruminant Nutrition
Mendonça, Maitê Vidal
Nakasone, Denis Hideki
Martinez, Cristian Hernando Garcia
Gemelli, Jéssica Luana
Pereira, Angélica Simone Cravo
Pugine, Silvana Marina Piccoli
de Melo, Mariza Pires
de Andrade, André Furugen Cesar
Araújo, Lúcio Francelino
Augusto, Karolina Von Zuben
Yanming, Han
Martins, Simone Maria Massami Kitamura
Copper and zinc hydroxychloride cosupplementation improve growth performance and carcass and reduce diarrhea frequency in grower-finisher pigs
title Copper and zinc hydroxychloride cosupplementation improve growth performance and carcass and reduce diarrhea frequency in grower-finisher pigs
title_full Copper and zinc hydroxychloride cosupplementation improve growth performance and carcass and reduce diarrhea frequency in grower-finisher pigs
title_fullStr Copper and zinc hydroxychloride cosupplementation improve growth performance and carcass and reduce diarrhea frequency in grower-finisher pigs
title_full_unstemmed Copper and zinc hydroxychloride cosupplementation improve growth performance and carcass and reduce diarrhea frequency in grower-finisher pigs
title_short Copper and zinc hydroxychloride cosupplementation improve growth performance and carcass and reduce diarrhea frequency in grower-finisher pigs
title_sort copper and zinc hydroxychloride cosupplementation improve growth performance and carcass and reduce diarrhea frequency in grower-finisher pigs
topic Non Ruminant Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8633754/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34859199
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txab202
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