Resting-State fMRI to Identify the Brain Correlates of Treatment Response to Medications in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Lessons From the CUNMET Study

Neuroimaging research seeks to identify biomarkers to improve the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although clinical translation of findings remains distant. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) is increasingly being used...

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Autores principales: Pereira-Sanchez, Victor, Franco, Alexandre R., de Castro-Manglano, Pilar, Fernandez-Seara, Maria A., Vallejo-Valdivielso, Maria, Díez-Suárez, Azucena, Fernandez-Martinez, Miguel, Garcia de Eulate, M. Reyes, Milham, Michael, Soutullo, Cesar A., Castellanos, Francisco X.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8635006/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34867544
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.759696
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author Pereira-Sanchez, Victor
Franco, Alexandre R.
de Castro-Manglano, Pilar
Fernandez-Seara, Maria A.
Vallejo-Valdivielso, Maria
Díez-Suárez, Azucena
Fernandez-Martinez, Miguel
Garcia de Eulate, M. Reyes
Milham, Michael
Soutullo, Cesar A.
Castellanos, Francisco X.
author_facet Pereira-Sanchez, Victor
Franco, Alexandre R.
de Castro-Manglano, Pilar
Fernandez-Seara, Maria A.
Vallejo-Valdivielso, Maria
Díez-Suárez, Azucena
Fernandez-Martinez, Miguel
Garcia de Eulate, M. Reyes
Milham, Michael
Soutullo, Cesar A.
Castellanos, Francisco X.
author_sort Pereira-Sanchez, Victor
collection PubMed
description Neuroimaging research seeks to identify biomarkers to improve the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although clinical translation of findings remains distant. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) is increasingly being used to characterize functional connectivity in the brain. Despite mixed results to date and multiple methodological challenges, dominant hypotheses implicate hyperconnectivity across brain networks in patients with ADHD, which could be the target of pharmacological treatments. We describe the experience and results of the Clínica Universidad de Navarra (Spain) Metilfenidato (CUNMET) pilot study. CUNMET tested the feasibility of identifying R-fMRI markers of clinical response in children with ADHD undergoing naturalistical pharmacological treatments. We analyzed cross-sectional data from 56 patients with ADHD (18 treated with methylphenidate, 18 treated with lisdexamfetamine, and 20 treatment-naive patients). Standard preprocessing and statistical analyses with attention to control for head motion and correction for multiple comparisons were performed. The only results that survived correction were noted in contrasts of children who responded clinically to lisdexamfetamine after long-term treatment vs. treatment-naive patients. In these children, we observed stronger negative correlations (anticorrelations) across nodes in six brain networks, which is consistent with higher across-network functional segregation in patients treated with lisdexamfetamine, i.e., less inter-network interference than in treatment-naive patients. We also note the lessons learned, which could help those pursuing clinically relevant multidisciplinary research in ADHD en route to eventual personalized medicine. To advance reproducible open science, our report is accompanied with links providing access to our data and analytic scripts.
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spelling pubmed-86350062021-12-02 Resting-State fMRI to Identify the Brain Correlates of Treatment Response to Medications in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Lessons From the CUNMET Study Pereira-Sanchez, Victor Franco, Alexandre R. de Castro-Manglano, Pilar Fernandez-Seara, Maria A. Vallejo-Valdivielso, Maria Díez-Suárez, Azucena Fernandez-Martinez, Miguel Garcia de Eulate, M. Reyes Milham, Michael Soutullo, Cesar A. Castellanos, Francisco X. Front Psychiatry Psychiatry Neuroimaging research seeks to identify biomarkers to improve the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although clinical translation of findings remains distant. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) is increasingly being used to characterize functional connectivity in the brain. Despite mixed results to date and multiple methodological challenges, dominant hypotheses implicate hyperconnectivity across brain networks in patients with ADHD, which could be the target of pharmacological treatments. We describe the experience and results of the Clínica Universidad de Navarra (Spain) Metilfenidato (CUNMET) pilot study. CUNMET tested the feasibility of identifying R-fMRI markers of clinical response in children with ADHD undergoing naturalistical pharmacological treatments. We analyzed cross-sectional data from 56 patients with ADHD (18 treated with methylphenidate, 18 treated with lisdexamfetamine, and 20 treatment-naive patients). Standard preprocessing and statistical analyses with attention to control for head motion and correction for multiple comparisons were performed. The only results that survived correction were noted in contrasts of children who responded clinically to lisdexamfetamine after long-term treatment vs. treatment-naive patients. In these children, we observed stronger negative correlations (anticorrelations) across nodes in six brain networks, which is consistent with higher across-network functional segregation in patients treated with lisdexamfetamine, i.e., less inter-network interference than in treatment-naive patients. We also note the lessons learned, which could help those pursuing clinically relevant multidisciplinary research in ADHD en route to eventual personalized medicine. To advance reproducible open science, our report is accompanied with links providing access to our data and analytic scripts. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8635006/ /pubmed/34867544 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.759696 Text en Copyright © 2021 Pereira-Sanchez, Franco, de Castro-Manglano, Fernandez-Seara, Vallejo-Valdivielso, Díez-Suárez, Fernandez-Martinez, Garcia de Eulate, Milham, Soutullo and Castellanos. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Pereira-Sanchez, Victor
Franco, Alexandre R.
de Castro-Manglano, Pilar
Fernandez-Seara, Maria A.
Vallejo-Valdivielso, Maria
Díez-Suárez, Azucena
Fernandez-Martinez, Miguel
Garcia de Eulate, M. Reyes
Milham, Michael
Soutullo, Cesar A.
Castellanos, Francisco X.
Resting-State fMRI to Identify the Brain Correlates of Treatment Response to Medications in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Lessons From the CUNMET Study
title Resting-State fMRI to Identify the Brain Correlates of Treatment Response to Medications in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Lessons From the CUNMET Study
title_full Resting-State fMRI to Identify the Brain Correlates of Treatment Response to Medications in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Lessons From the CUNMET Study
title_fullStr Resting-State fMRI to Identify the Brain Correlates of Treatment Response to Medications in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Lessons From the CUNMET Study
title_full_unstemmed Resting-State fMRI to Identify the Brain Correlates of Treatment Response to Medications in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Lessons From the CUNMET Study
title_short Resting-State fMRI to Identify the Brain Correlates of Treatment Response to Medications in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Lessons From the CUNMET Study
title_sort resting-state fmri to identify the brain correlates of treatment response to medications in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: lessons from the cunmet study
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8635006/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34867544
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.759696
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