Cargando…
Activation and Role of Astrocytes in Ischemic Stroke
Ischemic stroke refers to the disorder of blood supply of local brain tissue caused by various reasons. It has high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS). They are responsible for the homeostasis, nutrition, and protection...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8635513/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34867201 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2021.755955 |
_version_ | 1784608328302723072 |
---|---|
author | Shen, Xin-Ya Gao, Zhen-Kun Han, Yu Yuan, Mei Guo, Yi-Sha Bi, Xia |
author_facet | Shen, Xin-Ya Gao, Zhen-Kun Han, Yu Yuan, Mei Guo, Yi-Sha Bi, Xia |
author_sort | Shen, Xin-Ya |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ischemic stroke refers to the disorder of blood supply of local brain tissue caused by various reasons. It has high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS). They are responsible for the homeostasis, nutrition, and protection of the CNS and play an essential role in many nervous system diseases’ physiological and pathological processes. After stroke injury, astrocytes are activated and play a protective role through the heterogeneous and gradual changes of their gene expression, morphology, proliferation, and function, that is, reactive astrocytes. However, the position of reactive astrocytes has always been a controversial topic. Many studies have shown that reactive astrocytes are a double-edged sword with both beneficial and harmful effects. It is worth noting that their different spatial and temporal expression determines astrocytes’ various functions. Here, we comprehensively review the different roles and mechanisms of astrocytes after ischemic stroke. In addition, the intracellular mechanism of astrocyte activation has also been involved. More importantly, due to the complex cascade reaction and action mechanism after ischemic stroke, the role of astrocytes is still difficult to define. Still, there is no doubt that astrocytes are one of the critical factors mediating the deterioration or improvement of ischemic stroke. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8635513 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86355132021-12-02 Activation and Role of Astrocytes in Ischemic Stroke Shen, Xin-Ya Gao, Zhen-Kun Han, Yu Yuan, Mei Guo, Yi-Sha Bi, Xia Front Cell Neurosci Neuroscience Ischemic stroke refers to the disorder of blood supply of local brain tissue caused by various reasons. It has high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS). They are responsible for the homeostasis, nutrition, and protection of the CNS and play an essential role in many nervous system diseases’ physiological and pathological processes. After stroke injury, astrocytes are activated and play a protective role through the heterogeneous and gradual changes of their gene expression, morphology, proliferation, and function, that is, reactive astrocytes. However, the position of reactive astrocytes has always been a controversial topic. Many studies have shown that reactive astrocytes are a double-edged sword with both beneficial and harmful effects. It is worth noting that their different spatial and temporal expression determines astrocytes’ various functions. Here, we comprehensively review the different roles and mechanisms of astrocytes after ischemic stroke. In addition, the intracellular mechanism of astrocyte activation has also been involved. More importantly, due to the complex cascade reaction and action mechanism after ischemic stroke, the role of astrocytes is still difficult to define. Still, there is no doubt that astrocytes are one of the critical factors mediating the deterioration or improvement of ischemic stroke. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-11-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8635513/ /pubmed/34867201 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2021.755955 Text en Copyright © 2021 Shen, Gao, Han, Yuan, Guo and Bi. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Shen, Xin-Ya Gao, Zhen-Kun Han, Yu Yuan, Mei Guo, Yi-Sha Bi, Xia Activation and Role of Astrocytes in Ischemic Stroke |
title | Activation and Role of Astrocytes in Ischemic Stroke |
title_full | Activation and Role of Astrocytes in Ischemic Stroke |
title_fullStr | Activation and Role of Astrocytes in Ischemic Stroke |
title_full_unstemmed | Activation and Role of Astrocytes in Ischemic Stroke |
title_short | Activation and Role of Astrocytes in Ischemic Stroke |
title_sort | activation and role of astrocytes in ischemic stroke |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8635513/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34867201 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2021.755955 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT shenxinya activationandroleofastrocytesinischemicstroke AT gaozhenkun activationandroleofastrocytesinischemicstroke AT hanyu activationandroleofastrocytesinischemicstroke AT yuanmei activationandroleofastrocytesinischemicstroke AT guoyisha activationandroleofastrocytesinischemicstroke AT bixia activationandroleofastrocytesinischemicstroke |