Cargando…

Exosomes: Small vesicles with big roles in cancer, vaccine development, and therapeutics

Cancer is a deadly disease that is globally and consistently one of the leading causes of mortality every year. Despite the availability of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and surgery, a cure for cancer has not been attained. Recently, exosomes have gained significant attention due to the...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Thakur, Abhimanyu, Parra, Diana Carolina, Motallebnejad, Pedram, Brocchi, Marcelo, Chen, Huanhuan Joyce
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: KeAi Publishing 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8636666/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34901546
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.08.029
_version_ 1784608574167580672
author Thakur, Abhimanyu
Parra, Diana Carolina
Motallebnejad, Pedram
Brocchi, Marcelo
Chen, Huanhuan Joyce
author_facet Thakur, Abhimanyu
Parra, Diana Carolina
Motallebnejad, Pedram
Brocchi, Marcelo
Chen, Huanhuan Joyce
author_sort Thakur, Abhimanyu
collection PubMed
description Cancer is a deadly disease that is globally and consistently one of the leading causes of mortality every year. Despite the availability of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and surgery, a cure for cancer has not been attained. Recently, exosomes have gained significant attention due to the therapeutic potential of their various components including proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, miRNAs, and lncRNAs. Exosomes constitute a set of tiny extracellular vesicles with an approximate diameter of 30–100 nm. They are released from different cells and are present in biofluids including blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine. They perform crucial multifaceted functions in the malignant progression of cancer via autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine communications. The ability of exosomes to carry different cargoes including drug and molecular information to recipient cells make them a novel tool for cancer therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the major components of exosomes and their role in cancer progression. We also review important literature about the potential role of exosomes as vaccines and delivery carriers in the context of cancer therapeutics.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8636666
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher KeAi Publishing
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-86366662021-12-09 Exosomes: Small vesicles with big roles in cancer, vaccine development, and therapeutics Thakur, Abhimanyu Parra, Diana Carolina Motallebnejad, Pedram Brocchi, Marcelo Chen, Huanhuan Joyce Bioact Mater Article Cancer is a deadly disease that is globally and consistently one of the leading causes of mortality every year. Despite the availability of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and surgery, a cure for cancer has not been attained. Recently, exosomes have gained significant attention due to the therapeutic potential of their various components including proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, miRNAs, and lncRNAs. Exosomes constitute a set of tiny extracellular vesicles with an approximate diameter of 30–100 nm. They are released from different cells and are present in biofluids including blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine. They perform crucial multifaceted functions in the malignant progression of cancer via autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine communications. The ability of exosomes to carry different cargoes including drug and molecular information to recipient cells make them a novel tool for cancer therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the major components of exosomes and their role in cancer progression. We also review important literature about the potential role of exosomes as vaccines and delivery carriers in the context of cancer therapeutics. KeAi Publishing 2021-08-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8636666/ /pubmed/34901546 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.08.029 Text en © 2021 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Thakur, Abhimanyu
Parra, Diana Carolina
Motallebnejad, Pedram
Brocchi, Marcelo
Chen, Huanhuan Joyce
Exosomes: Small vesicles with big roles in cancer, vaccine development, and therapeutics
title Exosomes: Small vesicles with big roles in cancer, vaccine development, and therapeutics
title_full Exosomes: Small vesicles with big roles in cancer, vaccine development, and therapeutics
title_fullStr Exosomes: Small vesicles with big roles in cancer, vaccine development, and therapeutics
title_full_unstemmed Exosomes: Small vesicles with big roles in cancer, vaccine development, and therapeutics
title_short Exosomes: Small vesicles with big roles in cancer, vaccine development, and therapeutics
title_sort exosomes: small vesicles with big roles in cancer, vaccine development, and therapeutics
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8636666/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34901546
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.08.029
work_keys_str_mv AT thakurabhimanyu exosomessmallvesicleswithbigrolesincancervaccinedevelopmentandtherapeutics
AT parradianacarolina exosomessmallvesicleswithbigrolesincancervaccinedevelopmentandtherapeutics
AT motallebnejadpedram exosomessmallvesicleswithbigrolesincancervaccinedevelopmentandtherapeutics
AT brocchimarcelo exosomessmallvesicleswithbigrolesincancervaccinedevelopmentandtherapeutics
AT chenhuanhuanjoyce exosomessmallvesicleswithbigrolesincancervaccinedevelopmentandtherapeutics