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The Effects of Ursolic Acid Treatment on Immunopathogenesis Following Mannheimia haemolytica Infections

Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) is a costly economic and health burden for the dairy and feedlot cattle industries. BRDC is a multifactorial disease, often involving viral and bacterial pathogens, which makes it difficult to effectively treat or vaccinate against. Mannheimia haemolytica (M...

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Autores principales: Slate, Jamison R., Chriswell, Bradley O., Briggs, Robert E., McGill, Jodi L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8637451/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34869750
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.782872
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author Slate, Jamison R.
Chriswell, Bradley O.
Briggs, Robert E.
McGill, Jodi L.
author_facet Slate, Jamison R.
Chriswell, Bradley O.
Briggs, Robert E.
McGill, Jodi L.
author_sort Slate, Jamison R.
collection PubMed
description Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) is a costly economic and health burden for the dairy and feedlot cattle industries. BRDC is a multifactorial disease, often involving viral and bacterial pathogens, which makes it difficult to effectively treat or vaccinate against. Mannheimia haemolytica (MH) are common commensal bacteria found in the nasopharynx of healthy cattle; however, following environmental and immunological stressors, these bacteria can rapidly proliferate and spread to the lower respiratory tract, giving rise to pneumonic disease. Severe MH infections are often characterized by leukocyte infiltration and dysregulated inflammatory responses in the lungs. IL-17A is thought to play a key role in this inflammatory response by inducing neutrophilia, activating innate and adaptive immune cells, and further exacerbating lung congestion. Herein, we used a small molecule inhibitor, ursolic acid (UA), to suppress IL-17A production and to determine the downstream impact on the immune response and disease severity following MH infection in calves. We hypothesized that altering IL-17A signaling during MH infections may have therapeutic effects by reducing immune-mediated lung inflammation and improving disease outcome. Two independent studies were performed (Study 1 = 32 animals and Study 2 = 16 animals) using 4-week-old male Holstein calves, which were divided into 4 treatment group including: (1) non-treated and non-challenged, (2) non-treated and MH-challenged, (3) UA-treated and non-challenged, and (4) UA-treated and MH-challenged. Based on the combined studies, we observed a tendency (p = 0.0605) toward reduced bacterial burdens in the lungs of UA-treated animals, but did not note a significant difference in gross (p = 0.3343) or microscopic (p = 0.1917) pathology scores in the lungs. UA treatment altered the inflammatory environment in the lung tissues following MH infection, reducing the expression of IL-17A (p = 0.0870), inflammatory IL-6 (p = 0.0209), and STAT3 (p = 0.0205) compared to controls. This reduction in IL-17A signaling also appeared to alter the downstream expression of genes associated with innate defenses (BAC5, DEFB1, and MUC5AC) and lung remodeling (MMP9 and TIMP-1). Taken together, these results support our hypothesis that IL-17A signaling may contribute to lung immunopathology following MH infections, and further understanding of this inflammatory pathway could expand therapeutic intervention strategies for managing BRDC.
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spelling pubmed-86374512021-12-03 The Effects of Ursolic Acid Treatment on Immunopathogenesis Following Mannheimia haemolytica Infections Slate, Jamison R. Chriswell, Bradley O. Briggs, Robert E. McGill, Jodi L. Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) is a costly economic and health burden for the dairy and feedlot cattle industries. BRDC is a multifactorial disease, often involving viral and bacterial pathogens, which makes it difficult to effectively treat or vaccinate against. Mannheimia haemolytica (MH) are common commensal bacteria found in the nasopharynx of healthy cattle; however, following environmental and immunological stressors, these bacteria can rapidly proliferate and spread to the lower respiratory tract, giving rise to pneumonic disease. Severe MH infections are often characterized by leukocyte infiltration and dysregulated inflammatory responses in the lungs. IL-17A is thought to play a key role in this inflammatory response by inducing neutrophilia, activating innate and adaptive immune cells, and further exacerbating lung congestion. Herein, we used a small molecule inhibitor, ursolic acid (UA), to suppress IL-17A production and to determine the downstream impact on the immune response and disease severity following MH infection in calves. We hypothesized that altering IL-17A signaling during MH infections may have therapeutic effects by reducing immune-mediated lung inflammation and improving disease outcome. Two independent studies were performed (Study 1 = 32 animals and Study 2 = 16 animals) using 4-week-old male Holstein calves, which were divided into 4 treatment group including: (1) non-treated and non-challenged, (2) non-treated and MH-challenged, (3) UA-treated and non-challenged, and (4) UA-treated and MH-challenged. Based on the combined studies, we observed a tendency (p = 0.0605) toward reduced bacterial burdens in the lungs of UA-treated animals, but did not note a significant difference in gross (p = 0.3343) or microscopic (p = 0.1917) pathology scores in the lungs. UA treatment altered the inflammatory environment in the lung tissues following MH infection, reducing the expression of IL-17A (p = 0.0870), inflammatory IL-6 (p = 0.0209), and STAT3 (p = 0.0205) compared to controls. This reduction in IL-17A signaling also appeared to alter the downstream expression of genes associated with innate defenses (BAC5, DEFB1, and MUC5AC) and lung remodeling (MMP9 and TIMP-1). Taken together, these results support our hypothesis that IL-17A signaling may contribute to lung immunopathology following MH infections, and further understanding of this inflammatory pathway could expand therapeutic intervention strategies for managing BRDC. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-11-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8637451/ /pubmed/34869750 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.782872 Text en Copyright © 2021 Slate, Chriswell, Briggs and McGill. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Slate, Jamison R.
Chriswell, Bradley O.
Briggs, Robert E.
McGill, Jodi L.
The Effects of Ursolic Acid Treatment on Immunopathogenesis Following Mannheimia haemolytica Infections
title The Effects of Ursolic Acid Treatment on Immunopathogenesis Following Mannheimia haemolytica Infections
title_full The Effects of Ursolic Acid Treatment on Immunopathogenesis Following Mannheimia haemolytica Infections
title_fullStr The Effects of Ursolic Acid Treatment on Immunopathogenesis Following Mannheimia haemolytica Infections
title_full_unstemmed The Effects of Ursolic Acid Treatment on Immunopathogenesis Following Mannheimia haemolytica Infections
title_short The Effects of Ursolic Acid Treatment on Immunopathogenesis Following Mannheimia haemolytica Infections
title_sort effects of ursolic acid treatment on immunopathogenesis following mannheimia haemolytica infections
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8637451/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34869750
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.782872
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