Effect of nursing intervention based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs in patients with coronary heart disease interventional surgery

BACKGROUND: It is very important to provide effective nursing programs to regulate the physical and mental state of patients and to improve treatment compliance after interventional surgery for coronary heart disease (CHD). AIM: To explore the effect of a nursing intervention based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory on patients with CHD undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. METHODS: Ninety-four patients with CHD undergoing interventional surgery in our hospital from January 2020 to February 2021 were randomly divided into a research group (n = 47) and a control group (n = 47). The control group received routine nursing, and the research group received a nursing intervention based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. The scores of self-efficacy, negative emotion [depression (SDS), anxiety (SAS)], intervention compliance (standardized medication, moderate exercise, healthy diet, and regular review), and nursing satisfaction were calculated before and after intervention for the two groups. RESULTS: Before intervention, there was no significant difference in the scores of disease general management self-efficacy, disease management self-efficacy, and total self-efficacy between the two groups (P = 0.795, 0.479, and 0.659, respectively). After intervention, these three scores in the research group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.001). Before intervention, there was no significant difference in the scores of SAS and SDS between the two groups (P = 0.149 and 0.347, respectively). After intervention, the scores of SAS and SDS in the research group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.001). The standardized drug use rate (97.87%), moderate exercise rate (97.87%), healthy diet rate (95.74%), and regular reexamination rate (97.87%) in the research group were higher than those in the control group (85.11%, 82.98%, 80.85%, and 87.23%, respectively) (P = 0.027, 0.014, 0.025, and 0.049, respectively). Nursing job satisfaction in the research group (93.62%) was higher than that in the control group (78.72%) (P = 0.036). CONCLUSION: A nursing program based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory can effectively alleviate negative emotion, enhance self-efficacy and intervention compliance, and ensure that the patients are highly satisfied with the nursing work.