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Tracking deep-sea internal wave propagation with a differential pressure gauge array

Temperature is used to trace ocean density variations, and reveals internal waves and turbulent motions in the deep ocean, called ‘internal motions.’ Ambient temperature detected by geophysical differential pressure gauges (DPGs) may provide year-long, complementary observations. Here, we use data f...

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Autores principales: Yang, Chu-Fang, Chi, Wu-Cheng, van Haren, Hans, Lin, Ching-Ren, Kuo, Ban-Yuan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8639723/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34857827
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02721-1
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author Yang, Chu-Fang
Chi, Wu-Cheng
van Haren, Hans
Lin, Ching-Ren
Kuo, Ban-Yuan
author_facet Yang, Chu-Fang
Chi, Wu-Cheng
van Haren, Hans
Lin, Ching-Ren
Kuo, Ban-Yuan
author_sort Yang, Chu-Fang
collection PubMed
description Temperature is used to trace ocean density variations, and reveals internal waves and turbulent motions in the deep ocean, called ‘internal motions.’ Ambient temperature detected by geophysical differential pressure gauges (DPGs) may provide year-long, complementary observations. Here, we use data from four DPGs fixed on the ocean bottom and a high-resolution temperature sensor (T-sensor) 13 m above the seafloor as a square-kilometer array deployed offshore ~ 50 km east of Taiwan facing the open Pacific Ocean to examine the impact of temperature on DPG signals related to internal motions. The DPG signals correlate with T-sensor temperature variations between 0.002 and 0.1 mHz, but have time shifts partially caused by slow thermal conduction from the ambient seafloor to the DPG chamber and partially by internal motion propagation time across the array. Applying beamforming-frequency-wavenumber analysis and linear regression to the arrayed T-sensor and DPG data, we estimate the propagating slowness of the internal motions to be between 0.5 and 7.4 s m(−1) from the northwest and northeast quadrants of the array. The thermal relaxation time of the DPGs is within 10(3)–10(4) s. This work shows that a systematic scan of DPG data at frequencies < 0.1 mHz may help shed light on patterns of internal wave propagation in the deep ocean, especially in multi-scale arrays.
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spelling pubmed-86397232021-12-06 Tracking deep-sea internal wave propagation with a differential pressure gauge array Yang, Chu-Fang Chi, Wu-Cheng van Haren, Hans Lin, Ching-Ren Kuo, Ban-Yuan Sci Rep Article Temperature is used to trace ocean density variations, and reveals internal waves and turbulent motions in the deep ocean, called ‘internal motions.’ Ambient temperature detected by geophysical differential pressure gauges (DPGs) may provide year-long, complementary observations. Here, we use data from four DPGs fixed on the ocean bottom and a high-resolution temperature sensor (T-sensor) 13 m above the seafloor as a square-kilometer array deployed offshore ~ 50 km east of Taiwan facing the open Pacific Ocean to examine the impact of temperature on DPG signals related to internal motions. The DPG signals correlate with T-sensor temperature variations between 0.002 and 0.1 mHz, but have time shifts partially caused by slow thermal conduction from the ambient seafloor to the DPG chamber and partially by internal motion propagation time across the array. Applying beamforming-frequency-wavenumber analysis and linear regression to the arrayed T-sensor and DPG data, we estimate the propagating slowness of the internal motions to be between 0.5 and 7.4 s m(−1) from the northwest and northeast quadrants of the array. The thermal relaxation time of the DPGs is within 10(3)–10(4) s. This work shows that a systematic scan of DPG data at frequencies < 0.1 mHz may help shed light on patterns of internal wave propagation in the deep ocean, especially in multi-scale arrays. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-12-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8639723/ /pubmed/34857827 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02721-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Yang, Chu-Fang
Chi, Wu-Cheng
van Haren, Hans
Lin, Ching-Ren
Kuo, Ban-Yuan
Tracking deep-sea internal wave propagation with a differential pressure gauge array
title Tracking deep-sea internal wave propagation with a differential pressure gauge array
title_full Tracking deep-sea internal wave propagation with a differential pressure gauge array
title_fullStr Tracking deep-sea internal wave propagation with a differential pressure gauge array
title_full_unstemmed Tracking deep-sea internal wave propagation with a differential pressure gauge array
title_short Tracking deep-sea internal wave propagation with a differential pressure gauge array
title_sort tracking deep-sea internal wave propagation with a differential pressure gauge array
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8639723/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34857827
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02721-1
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