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Machine learning approaches for parsing comorbidity/heterogeneity in antisociality and substance use disorders: A primer

By some accounts, as many as 93% of individuals diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) or psychopathy also meet criteria for some form of substance use disorder (SUD). This high level of comorbidity, combined with an overlapping biopsychosocial profile, and potentially interacting fea...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Shane, Matthew S., Denomme, William J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8640675/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34909565
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pen.2021.2
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author Shane, Matthew S.
Denomme, William J.
author_facet Shane, Matthew S.
Denomme, William J.
author_sort Shane, Matthew S.
collection PubMed
description By some accounts, as many as 93% of individuals diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) or psychopathy also meet criteria for some form of substance use disorder (SUD). This high level of comorbidity, combined with an overlapping biopsychosocial profile, and potentially interacting features, has made it difficult to delineate the shared/unique characteristics of each disorder. Moreover, while rarely acknowledged, both SUD and antisociality exist as highly heterogeneous disorders in need of more targeted parcellation. While emerging data-driven nosology for psychiatric disorders (e.g., Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP)) offers the opportunity for a more systematic delineation of the externalizing spectrum, the interrogation of large, complex neuroimaging-based datasets may require data-driven approaches that are not yet widely employed in psychiatric neuroscience. With this in mind, the proposed article sets out to provide an introduction into machine learning methods for neuroimaging that can help parse comorbid, heterogeneous externalizing samples. The modest machine learning work conducted to date within the externalizing domain demonstrates the potential utility of the approach but remains highly nascent. Within the paper, we make suggestions for how future work can make use of machine learning methods, in combination with emerging psychiatric nosology systems, to further diagnostic and etiological understandings of the externalizing spectrum. Finally, we briefly consider some challenges that will need to be overcome to encourage further progress in the field.
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spelling pubmed-86406752021-12-13 Machine learning approaches for parsing comorbidity/heterogeneity in antisociality and substance use disorders: A primer Shane, Matthew S. Denomme, William J. Personal Neurosci Empirical Paper By some accounts, as many as 93% of individuals diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) or psychopathy also meet criteria for some form of substance use disorder (SUD). This high level of comorbidity, combined with an overlapping biopsychosocial profile, and potentially interacting features, has made it difficult to delineate the shared/unique characteristics of each disorder. Moreover, while rarely acknowledged, both SUD and antisociality exist as highly heterogeneous disorders in need of more targeted parcellation. While emerging data-driven nosology for psychiatric disorders (e.g., Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP)) offers the opportunity for a more systematic delineation of the externalizing spectrum, the interrogation of large, complex neuroimaging-based datasets may require data-driven approaches that are not yet widely employed in psychiatric neuroscience. With this in mind, the proposed article sets out to provide an introduction into machine learning methods for neuroimaging that can help parse comorbid, heterogeneous externalizing samples. The modest machine learning work conducted to date within the externalizing domain demonstrates the potential utility of the approach but remains highly nascent. Within the paper, we make suggestions for how future work can make use of machine learning methods, in combination with emerging psychiatric nosology systems, to further diagnostic and etiological understandings of the externalizing spectrum. Finally, we briefly consider some challenges that will need to be overcome to encourage further progress in the field. Cambridge University Press 2021-11-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8640675/ /pubmed/34909565 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pen.2021.2 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Empirical Paper
Shane, Matthew S.
Denomme, William J.
Machine learning approaches for parsing comorbidity/heterogeneity in antisociality and substance use disorders: A primer
title Machine learning approaches for parsing comorbidity/heterogeneity in antisociality and substance use disorders: A primer
title_full Machine learning approaches for parsing comorbidity/heterogeneity in antisociality and substance use disorders: A primer
title_fullStr Machine learning approaches for parsing comorbidity/heterogeneity in antisociality and substance use disorders: A primer
title_full_unstemmed Machine learning approaches for parsing comorbidity/heterogeneity in antisociality and substance use disorders: A primer
title_short Machine learning approaches for parsing comorbidity/heterogeneity in antisociality and substance use disorders: A primer
title_sort machine learning approaches for parsing comorbidity/heterogeneity in antisociality and substance use disorders: a primer
topic Empirical Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8640675/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34909565
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pen.2021.2
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