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Consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer in clinical practice: A translational approach

The identification of several genetic mutations in colorectal cancer (CRC) has allowed a better comprehension of the prognosis and response to different antineoplastic treatments. Recently, through a systematic process, consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) have been described to characterize genetic a...

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Autores principales: Valenzuela, Guillermo, Canepa, Joaquín, Simonetti, Carolina, Solo de Zaldívar, Loreto, Marcelain, Katherine, González-Montero, Jaime
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8641009/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34909395
http://dx.doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v12.i11.1000
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author Valenzuela, Guillermo
Canepa, Joaquín
Simonetti, Carolina
Solo de Zaldívar, Loreto
Marcelain, Katherine
González-Montero, Jaime
author_facet Valenzuela, Guillermo
Canepa, Joaquín
Simonetti, Carolina
Solo de Zaldívar, Loreto
Marcelain, Katherine
González-Montero, Jaime
author_sort Valenzuela, Guillermo
collection PubMed
description The identification of several genetic mutations in colorectal cancer (CRC) has allowed a better comprehension of the prognosis and response to different antineoplastic treatments. Recently, through a systematic process, consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) have been described to characterize genetic and molecular mutations in CRC patients. Through CMS, CRC patients can be categorized into four molecular subtypes of CRC by wide transcriptional genome analysis. CMS1 has microsatellite instability and mutations in CIMP and BRAF pathways. CMS2, distinguished by mutations in specific pathways linked to cellular metabolism, also has a better prognosis. CMS3 has a KRAS mutation as a hallmark. CMS4 presents mutations in fibrogenesis pathways and mesenchymal-epithelial transition, associated with a worse prognosis. CMS classification can be a meaningful step in providing possible answers to important issues in CRC, such as the use of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II, personalized first-line chemotherapy for metastasic CRC, and possible new target treatments that address specific pathways in each molecular subtype. Understanding CMS is a crucial step in personalized medicine, although prospective clinical trials selecting patients by CMS are required to pass proof-of-concept before becoming a routine clinical tool in oncology routine care.
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spelling pubmed-86410092021-12-13 Consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer in clinical practice: A translational approach Valenzuela, Guillermo Canepa, Joaquín Simonetti, Carolina Solo de Zaldívar, Loreto Marcelain, Katherine González-Montero, Jaime World J Clin Oncol Minireviews The identification of several genetic mutations in colorectal cancer (CRC) has allowed a better comprehension of the prognosis and response to different antineoplastic treatments. Recently, through a systematic process, consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) have been described to characterize genetic and molecular mutations in CRC patients. Through CMS, CRC patients can be categorized into four molecular subtypes of CRC by wide transcriptional genome analysis. CMS1 has microsatellite instability and mutations in CIMP and BRAF pathways. CMS2, distinguished by mutations in specific pathways linked to cellular metabolism, also has a better prognosis. CMS3 has a KRAS mutation as a hallmark. CMS4 presents mutations in fibrogenesis pathways and mesenchymal-epithelial transition, associated with a worse prognosis. CMS classification can be a meaningful step in providing possible answers to important issues in CRC, such as the use of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II, personalized first-line chemotherapy for metastasic CRC, and possible new target treatments that address specific pathways in each molecular subtype. Understanding CMS is a crucial step in personalized medicine, although prospective clinical trials selecting patients by CMS are required to pass proof-of-concept before becoming a routine clinical tool in oncology routine care. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2021-11-24 2021-11-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8641009/ /pubmed/34909395 http://dx.doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v12.i11.1000 Text en ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
spellingShingle Minireviews
Valenzuela, Guillermo
Canepa, Joaquín
Simonetti, Carolina
Solo de Zaldívar, Loreto
Marcelain, Katherine
González-Montero, Jaime
Consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer in clinical practice: A translational approach
title Consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer in clinical practice: A translational approach
title_full Consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer in clinical practice: A translational approach
title_fullStr Consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer in clinical practice: A translational approach
title_full_unstemmed Consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer in clinical practice: A translational approach
title_short Consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer in clinical practice: A translational approach
title_sort consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer in clinical practice: a translational approach
topic Minireviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8641009/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34909395
http://dx.doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v12.i11.1000
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