Fibrilación auricular de primera vez en evento vascular cerebral isquémico en el servicio de urgencias

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of undiagnosed atrial fibrillation in patients with an ischemic cerebral vascular event. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional design was carried out in patients older than 18 years with a diagnosis of ischemic cerebral vascular event, attended in the emergency department. The sample size was made up of the total clinical records of patients with a diagnosis of ischemic cerebral vascular event (n = 199). All patients who underwent electrocardiogram were included. Age and sex were studied; history of diabetes mellitus and history of hypertension. The cerebral vascular event was diagnosed with a computerized axial tomography endorsed by a radiologist; atrial fibrillation was considered when an irregular R-R wave, absence of P wave, and irregular atrial activity were identified on the electrocardiogram. The reading and interpretation was performed by the emergency physician. Statistical analysis included percentages, confidence intervals for percentages and calculation of probability of occurrence of binomial event. RESULTS: The average age of the patients with a cerebral vascular event is 72.37 years (95% CI: 70.91-73.82), the male sex predominates with 57.7% (95% CI: 50.8-64.7). The diagnosis of arterial hypertension is present in 74.8% (95% CI: 68.8-80.9) of the patients. The incidence of first-time atrial fibrillation is 72.36% (95% CI: 66.0-78.6). CONCLUSION: In the studied population, the incidence of previously undiagnosed atrial fibrillation in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular event is high.