The Signaling Pathway of PGE(2) and Its Regulatory Role in T Cell Differentiation

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) is a lipid mediator derived from the fatty acid arachidonic acid. As an essential inflammatory factor, PGE(2) has a critical impact on immune regulation through the prostanoid E (EP) receptor pathway. T cells, including CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell subsets, play crucial roles in the adaptive immune response. Previous studies have shown that PGE(2) is involved in regulating CD4(+) T cell differentiation and inflammatory cytokine production via the EP receptor pathway, thereby affecting the development of diseases mediated by CD4(+) T cells. In this review, we summarize the signaling pathway of PGE(2) and describe the relationship between PGE(2) and T cell differentiation. Hence, this review may provide important evidence for immune therapies and may even promote the development of biomedicines.