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The nationality benefit: Long-term memory associations enhance visual working memory for color-shape conjunctions
Visual working memory (VWM) is typically found to be severely limited in capacity, but this limitation may be ameliorated by providing familiar objects that are associated with knowledge stored in long-term memory. However, comparing meaningful and meaningless stimuli usually entails a confound, bec...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer US
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8642370/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34159531 http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-01957-2 |
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author | Conci, Markus Kreyenmeier, Philipp Kröll, Lisa Spiech, Connor Müller, Hermann J. |
author_facet | Conci, Markus Kreyenmeier, Philipp Kröll, Lisa Spiech, Connor Müller, Hermann J. |
author_sort | Conci, Markus |
collection | PubMed |
description | Visual working memory (VWM) is typically found to be severely limited in capacity, but this limitation may be ameliorated by providing familiar objects that are associated with knowledge stored in long-term memory. However, comparing meaningful and meaningless stimuli usually entails a confound, because different types of objects also tend to vary in terms of their inherent perceptual complexity. The current study therefore aimed to dissociate stimulus complexity from object meaning in VWM. To this end, identical stimuli – namely, simple color-shape conjunctions – were presented, which either resembled meaningful configurations (“real” European flags), or which were rearranged to form perceptually identical but meaningless (“fake”) flags. The results revealed complexity estimates for “real” and “fake” flags to be higher than for unicolor baseline stimuli. However, VWM capacity for real flags was comparable to the unicolor baseline stimuli (and substantially higher than for fake flags). This shows that relatively complex, yet meaningful “real” flags reveal a VWM capacity that is comparable to rather simple, unicolored memory items. Moreover, this “nationality” benefit was related to individual flag recognition performance, thus showing that VWM depends on object knowledge. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8642370 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Springer US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86423702021-12-17 The nationality benefit: Long-term memory associations enhance visual working memory for color-shape conjunctions Conci, Markus Kreyenmeier, Philipp Kröll, Lisa Spiech, Connor Müller, Hermann J. Psychon Bull Rev Brief Report Visual working memory (VWM) is typically found to be severely limited in capacity, but this limitation may be ameliorated by providing familiar objects that are associated with knowledge stored in long-term memory. However, comparing meaningful and meaningless stimuli usually entails a confound, because different types of objects also tend to vary in terms of their inherent perceptual complexity. The current study therefore aimed to dissociate stimulus complexity from object meaning in VWM. To this end, identical stimuli – namely, simple color-shape conjunctions – were presented, which either resembled meaningful configurations (“real” European flags), or which were rearranged to form perceptually identical but meaningless (“fake”) flags. The results revealed complexity estimates for “real” and “fake” flags to be higher than for unicolor baseline stimuli. However, VWM capacity for real flags was comparable to the unicolor baseline stimuli (and substantially higher than for fake flags). This shows that relatively complex, yet meaningful “real” flags reveal a VWM capacity that is comparable to rather simple, unicolored memory items. Moreover, this “nationality” benefit was related to individual flag recognition performance, thus showing that VWM depends on object knowledge. Springer US 2021-06-22 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8642370/ /pubmed/34159531 http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-01957-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Brief Report Conci, Markus Kreyenmeier, Philipp Kröll, Lisa Spiech, Connor Müller, Hermann J. The nationality benefit: Long-term memory associations enhance visual working memory for color-shape conjunctions |
title | The nationality benefit: Long-term memory associations enhance visual working memory for color-shape conjunctions |
title_full | The nationality benefit: Long-term memory associations enhance visual working memory for color-shape conjunctions |
title_fullStr | The nationality benefit: Long-term memory associations enhance visual working memory for color-shape conjunctions |
title_full_unstemmed | The nationality benefit: Long-term memory associations enhance visual working memory for color-shape conjunctions |
title_short | The nationality benefit: Long-term memory associations enhance visual working memory for color-shape conjunctions |
title_sort | nationality benefit: long-term memory associations enhance visual working memory for color-shape conjunctions |
topic | Brief Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8642370/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34159531 http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-01957-2 |
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