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The effects of feeding benzoic acid and/or live active yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on beef cattle performance, feeding behavior, and carcass characteristics
Fifty-nine Angus-cross finishing steers were used to evaluate benzoic acid, active dry yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), or a combination of benzoic acid and active dry yeast when supplemented in a high-grain finishing diet on live animal performance, feeding behavior, and carcass characteristics. S...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Oxford University Press
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8643465/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34877478 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txab143 |
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author | Williams, Melissa S Mandell, Ira Brent Bohrer, Benjamin M Wood, Katharine M |
author_facet | Williams, Melissa S Mandell, Ira Brent Bohrer, Benjamin M Wood, Katharine M |
author_sort | Williams, Melissa S |
collection | PubMed |
description | Fifty-nine Angus-cross finishing steers were used to evaluate benzoic acid, active dry yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), or a combination of benzoic acid and active dry yeast when supplemented in a high-grain finishing diet on live animal performance, feeding behavior, and carcass characteristics. Steers were fed a high-grain diet for the final 106 d of finishing. Treatments were as follows: no additional supplementation (CON), 0.5% benzoic acid (ACD), 3 g per head per day active dry S. cerevisiae (YST), or both 0.5% benzoic acid and 3 g/head per day S. cerevisiae (AY). Steers were weighed every 14 d, and ultrasound was performed for rib and rump fat thickness at the beginning (day 1), middle (day 57), and end (day 99) of the experiment. Insert feeding stations were used to collect individual feeding behavior data and DMI daily throughout. Blood samples were collected on days 21 and 22 and days 99–101 to assess plane of nutrition and metabolism. Ruminal fluid samples were collected by oral gavage 4 wk prior to slaughter. Carcass characteristics were examined at a federally inspected slaughter facility. Data were analyzed using PROC GLIMMIX of SAS with initial body weight (BW) as a covariate. Benzoic acid supplementation increased (P = 0.002) overall dry matter intake (DMI) compared to YST and CON steers, which may be due to a faster eating rate (P ≤ 0.008). Animal performance parameters (BW, average daily gain, feed conversion, and ultrasound fat depth) were not different (P ≥ 0.11) among treatment groups. Aspartate aminotransferase concentration was greatest (P ≤ 0.01) for YST steers, which may have been reflected in numerically greater liver abscesses. Carcass traits did not differ (P ≥ 0.33) among treatment groups. Ruminal pH was greater (P = 0.006) for ACD steers than AY steers (pH of 6.16 vs. 5.66, respectively), which indicated that there may be an interactive effect between benzoic acid and active dry yeast. To summarize, steers fed a high-grain finishing diet supplemented with benzoic acid, active dry yeast, or both benzoic acid and active dry yeast had similar growth performance and carcass characteristics compared to those without supplementation. However, the addition of benzoic acid alone increased DMI, variation in DMI, eating rate, and ruminal pH. Future studies are warranted to further investigate the impacts of benzoic acid on the ruminal environment of feedlot cattle. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8643465 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86434652021-12-06 The effects of feeding benzoic acid and/or live active yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on beef cattle performance, feeding behavior, and carcass characteristics Williams, Melissa S Mandell, Ira Brent Bohrer, Benjamin M Wood, Katharine M Transl Anim Sci Ruminant Nutrition Fifty-nine Angus-cross finishing steers were used to evaluate benzoic acid, active dry yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), or a combination of benzoic acid and active dry yeast when supplemented in a high-grain finishing diet on live animal performance, feeding behavior, and carcass characteristics. Steers were fed a high-grain diet for the final 106 d of finishing. Treatments were as follows: no additional supplementation (CON), 0.5% benzoic acid (ACD), 3 g per head per day active dry S. cerevisiae (YST), or both 0.5% benzoic acid and 3 g/head per day S. cerevisiae (AY). Steers were weighed every 14 d, and ultrasound was performed for rib and rump fat thickness at the beginning (day 1), middle (day 57), and end (day 99) of the experiment. Insert feeding stations were used to collect individual feeding behavior data and DMI daily throughout. Blood samples were collected on days 21 and 22 and days 99–101 to assess plane of nutrition and metabolism. Ruminal fluid samples were collected by oral gavage 4 wk prior to slaughter. Carcass characteristics were examined at a federally inspected slaughter facility. Data were analyzed using PROC GLIMMIX of SAS with initial body weight (BW) as a covariate. Benzoic acid supplementation increased (P = 0.002) overall dry matter intake (DMI) compared to YST and CON steers, which may be due to a faster eating rate (P ≤ 0.008). Animal performance parameters (BW, average daily gain, feed conversion, and ultrasound fat depth) were not different (P ≥ 0.11) among treatment groups. Aspartate aminotransferase concentration was greatest (P ≤ 0.01) for YST steers, which may have been reflected in numerically greater liver abscesses. Carcass traits did not differ (P ≥ 0.33) among treatment groups. Ruminal pH was greater (P = 0.006) for ACD steers than AY steers (pH of 6.16 vs. 5.66, respectively), which indicated that there may be an interactive effect between benzoic acid and active dry yeast. To summarize, steers fed a high-grain finishing diet supplemented with benzoic acid, active dry yeast, or both benzoic acid and active dry yeast had similar growth performance and carcass characteristics compared to those without supplementation. However, the addition of benzoic acid alone increased DMI, variation in DMI, eating rate, and ruminal pH. Future studies are warranted to further investigate the impacts of benzoic acid on the ruminal environment of feedlot cattle. Oxford University Press 2021-10-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8643465/ /pubmed/34877478 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txab143 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
spellingShingle | Ruminant Nutrition Williams, Melissa S Mandell, Ira Brent Bohrer, Benjamin M Wood, Katharine M The effects of feeding benzoic acid and/or live active yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on beef cattle performance, feeding behavior, and carcass characteristics |
title | The effects of feeding benzoic acid and/or live active yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on beef cattle performance, feeding behavior, and carcass characteristics |
title_full | The effects of feeding benzoic acid and/or live active yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on beef cattle performance, feeding behavior, and carcass characteristics |
title_fullStr | The effects of feeding benzoic acid and/or live active yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on beef cattle performance, feeding behavior, and carcass characteristics |
title_full_unstemmed | The effects of feeding benzoic acid and/or live active yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on beef cattle performance, feeding behavior, and carcass characteristics |
title_short | The effects of feeding benzoic acid and/or live active yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on beef cattle performance, feeding behavior, and carcass characteristics |
title_sort | effects of feeding benzoic acid and/or live active yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) on beef cattle performance, feeding behavior, and carcass characteristics |
topic | Ruminant Nutrition |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8643465/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34877478 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txab143 |
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