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751. Impact of Changing from a Three-step to Two-step Testing Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile

BACKGROUND: The optimal method for laboratory diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) remains undefined and national guidelines do not make a recommendation for a preferred diagnostic algorithm. Aiming to improve infection control measures, the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvani...

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Autores principales: Lapin, Jonathan, Athans, Vasilios, Binkley, Shawn, Lee, Tiffany, Patel, Sonal, Richard-Greenblatt, Melissa, Glaser, Laurel, Hamilton, Keith W, Saw, Stephen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8644789/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.948
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author Lapin, Jonathan
Athans, Vasilios
Binkley, Shawn
Lee, Tiffany
Patel, Sonal
Richard-Greenblatt, Melissa
Glaser, Laurel
Hamilton, Keith W
Saw, Stephen
author_facet Lapin, Jonathan
Athans, Vasilios
Binkley, Shawn
Lee, Tiffany
Patel, Sonal
Richard-Greenblatt, Melissa
Glaser, Laurel
Hamilton, Keith W
Saw, Stephen
author_sort Lapin, Jonathan
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The optimal method for laboratory diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) remains undefined and national guidelines do not make a recommendation for a preferred diagnostic algorithm. Aiming to improve infection control measures, the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania changed its testing process for the diagnosis of CDI from a 3-step to a 2-step algorithm (Figure 1) in September 2018. Starting an algorithm with nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) has been hypothesized to lead to potential diagnostic uncertainty if the result is positive by NAAT alone, as this test cannot distinguish between active infection and colonization. Three-Step and Two-Step Diagnostic Testing Algorithms [Image: see text] METHODS: This retrospective, single-center, quasi-experimental study included patients ≥ 18 years of age that tested positive for C. difficile between May 1(st), 2018 and January 31(st,) 2019. The study period encompassed 4 months prior to the algorithm change, a 1-month washout immediately following the change, and the subsequent 4 months. The primary outcome was proportion of patients who tested positive for C. difficile and received targeted treatment for CDI. Secondary outcomes included total number of patients who tested positive for C. difficile and received targeted treatment for CDI, duration of treatment for CDI, and hospital length of stay. RESULTS: Sixty-nine patients in the pre-group (3-step) and 75 patients in the post-group (2-step) tested positive for C. difficile. A higher proportion of patients in the post-group tested positive by NAAT alone (59.4% vs. 73.3%). CDI severity and prior history of CDI were similar between groups. The primary outcome occurred in 89.9% of patients in the pre-group and 83.8% in the post-group (p=0.213). Sixty-two patients in each group received targeted treatment for CDI (p=0.213), median treatment duration was 15 (IQR 11.25-25.75) and 14 (IQR 11-25) days (p=0.505), and median hospital length of stay was 9 (IQR 3-15) and 6 (IQR 3-20) days (p=0.690) in the pre-group and post-group, respectively. CONCLUSION: Although there was a higher percentage of patients in the post-group that tested positive for C. difficile by NAAT alone, there was no difference in the proportion or total number of patients who received targeted CDI treatment between time periods. DISCLOSURES: All Authors: No reported disclosures
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spelling pubmed-86447892021-12-06 751. Impact of Changing from a Three-step to Two-step Testing Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile Lapin, Jonathan Athans, Vasilios Binkley, Shawn Lee, Tiffany Patel, Sonal Richard-Greenblatt, Melissa Glaser, Laurel Hamilton, Keith W Saw, Stephen Open Forum Infect Dis Poster Abstracts BACKGROUND: The optimal method for laboratory diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) remains undefined and national guidelines do not make a recommendation for a preferred diagnostic algorithm. Aiming to improve infection control measures, the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania changed its testing process for the diagnosis of CDI from a 3-step to a 2-step algorithm (Figure 1) in September 2018. Starting an algorithm with nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) has been hypothesized to lead to potential diagnostic uncertainty if the result is positive by NAAT alone, as this test cannot distinguish between active infection and colonization. Three-Step and Two-Step Diagnostic Testing Algorithms [Image: see text] METHODS: This retrospective, single-center, quasi-experimental study included patients ≥ 18 years of age that tested positive for C. difficile between May 1(st), 2018 and January 31(st,) 2019. The study period encompassed 4 months prior to the algorithm change, a 1-month washout immediately following the change, and the subsequent 4 months. The primary outcome was proportion of patients who tested positive for C. difficile and received targeted treatment for CDI. Secondary outcomes included total number of patients who tested positive for C. difficile and received targeted treatment for CDI, duration of treatment for CDI, and hospital length of stay. RESULTS: Sixty-nine patients in the pre-group (3-step) and 75 patients in the post-group (2-step) tested positive for C. difficile. A higher proportion of patients in the post-group tested positive by NAAT alone (59.4% vs. 73.3%). CDI severity and prior history of CDI were similar between groups. The primary outcome occurred in 89.9% of patients in the pre-group and 83.8% in the post-group (p=0.213). Sixty-two patients in each group received targeted treatment for CDI (p=0.213), median treatment duration was 15 (IQR 11.25-25.75) and 14 (IQR 11-25) days (p=0.505), and median hospital length of stay was 9 (IQR 3-15) and 6 (IQR 3-20) days (p=0.690) in the pre-group and post-group, respectively. CONCLUSION: Although there was a higher percentage of patients in the post-group that tested positive for C. difficile by NAAT alone, there was no difference in the proportion or total number of patients who received targeted CDI treatment between time periods. DISCLOSURES: All Authors: No reported disclosures Oxford University Press 2021-12-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8644789/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.948 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Poster Abstracts
Lapin, Jonathan
Athans, Vasilios
Binkley, Shawn
Lee, Tiffany
Patel, Sonal
Richard-Greenblatt, Melissa
Glaser, Laurel
Hamilton, Keith W
Saw, Stephen
751. Impact of Changing from a Three-step to Two-step Testing Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile
title 751. Impact of Changing from a Three-step to Two-step Testing Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile
title_full 751. Impact of Changing from a Three-step to Two-step Testing Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile
title_fullStr 751. Impact of Changing from a Three-step to Two-step Testing Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile
title_full_unstemmed 751. Impact of Changing from a Three-step to Two-step Testing Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile
title_short 751. Impact of Changing from a Three-step to Two-step Testing Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile
title_sort 751. impact of changing from a three-step to two-step testing algorithm for the diagnosis of clostridioides difficile
topic Poster Abstracts
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8644789/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.948
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