Association between Serum Ferritin, Hemoglobin, Vitamin D(3), Serum Albumin, Calcium, Thyrotropin-releasing Hormone with Early Childhood Caries: A Case–Control Study

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to contrast and compare serum ferritin, hemoglobin, Vitamin D(3), Ca(++), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and serum albumin levels between preschoolers with severe caries (SC) and measures taken for caries control. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A sample size of 300 children was selected but only 266 participated; 54.14% with SC and 45.86% caries-free. Blood samples for serum ferritin, hemoglobin, Vitamin D(3), Ca(++), TRH, and serum albumin levels were taken. RESULTS: The mean age was estimated to be 40.82 + 14.09 months. The serum ferritin level estimated mean value for sample pedodontic subjects came to be 29.58 ± 17.87 μg/L whereas their hemoglobin level with mean value 115.13 ± 10.12 g/L was measured. Logistic regression analysis (LRA) suggested that children with SC were nearly two times as likely to have ferritin level depreciation and likely six times more chance of FeDA (iron deficiency anemia) than in children with caries control. Children with SC had significantly lower mean Vitamin D(3) value (p < 0.001), Ca(++) (p < 0.001), and serum albumin (p < 0.001) levels, and significantly higher thyrotropin-releasing factor (p < 0.001) levels than those subjects without caries. CONCLUSION: Analysis of children with SC at a very young age significantly showed an increased chance of low ferritin levels than children with a caries-free mouth. The level of hemoglobin was deficient in children with SC at a very young age. Children with SC at a very young age appeared to be malnourished when compared with children without dental caries. Other contrasting parameters like FeDA, Vitamin D(3), Ca(++), and serum albumin concentrations were significantly deficient in children with SC at a very young age, in contrast, to a sample of children with a caries-free mouth. The analysis also suggested an increased level of TRH. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The following research study sets a benchmark for the dental fraternity and other health specialists to analyze serum ferritin, hemoglobin, Vitamin D(3), Ca(++), TRH, and serum albumin levels while generally treating pediatric patients. Accordingly, supplements should be prescribed rationally even in dental caries. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Jha A, Jha S, Shree R, et al. Association between Serum Ferritin, Hemoglobin, Vitamin D(3), Serum Albumin, Calcium, Thyrotropin-releasing Hormone with Early Childhood Caries: A Case–Control Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(5):648–651.