IM-8 Significance of IL-1 pathways in Glioblastoma

Purpose: Previous studies have revealed that macrophages affect the prognosis of glioblastoma. However, there are still many unknown parts about the mechanism. In this study, we conducted an experiment with the aim of elucidating the mechanism by which tumor associated macrophages (TAM) work on tumors in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Method: Experiments were carried out using two glioblastoma cell strains, T98G, and U251. For clinical data, we analyzed it based on databases such as Protein Atlas, Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas, brain TIME database. Results: In 3D culture, we confirmed that IL-1β stimulation promoted glioblastoma cell proliferation and sphere formation. The addition of IL-1β increased mRNA expression of various cytokines such as IL-6 and CXCL8, and increased phosphorylation of STAT3 in arrays. When we administered IL-6 and CXCL8, the growth was significantly increased in cells administered with IL-6 and CXCL8. As a result, we speculated that STAT3 pathway and NFκB pathway via IL-6 and CXCL8 are involved in cell proliferation by IL-1β. In order to confirm these things, western blot was performed, and it was confirmed that phosphorylation of STAT3 and NFκB were increased. In addition, STAT3 inhibitors and NFκB inhibitors suppressed tumor growth. Clinically analysis was carried out based on the database, and it was found that IL-1β and macrophages were related. Furthermore, IL-1β was found in many cases around tumor necrosis. Discussion: This study clarifies some of the effects of IL-1β on glioblastoma. However, there are still many unknown points, and it is necessary to continue to consider them in the future.