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Serotype distribution and incidence of invasive early onset and late onset group B streptococcal disease amongst infants in Singapore

BACKGROUND: The current group B streptococcal (GBS) preventive measures had reduced invasive GBS early onset disease (EOD) incidences worldwide, but the late onset disease (LOD) incidences had remained unchanged. Administration of a safe and effective GBS vaccine in addition to the current strategie...

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Autores principales: Kam, Kai-Qian, Thoon, Koh Cheng, Tee, Wen Sim Nancy, Ang, Michelle Lay Teng, Tan, Natalie Woon Hui, Yeo, Kee Thai, Li, Jiahui, Chong, Chia Yin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8650237/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34876053
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06891-1
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author Kam, Kai-Qian
Thoon, Koh Cheng
Tee, Wen Sim Nancy
Ang, Michelle Lay Teng
Tan, Natalie Woon Hui
Yeo, Kee Thai
Li, Jiahui
Chong, Chia Yin
author_facet Kam, Kai-Qian
Thoon, Koh Cheng
Tee, Wen Sim Nancy
Ang, Michelle Lay Teng
Tan, Natalie Woon Hui
Yeo, Kee Thai
Li, Jiahui
Chong, Chia Yin
author_sort Kam, Kai-Qian
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The current group B streptococcal (GBS) preventive measures had reduced invasive GBS early onset disease (EOD) incidences worldwide, but the late onset disease (LOD) incidences had remained unchanged. Administration of a safe and effective GBS vaccine in addition to the current strategies were thought to be the next steps in reducing the incidences of invasive GBS infection especially LOD. In this study, we aimed to examine the causative GBS serotypes in invasive GBS disease, determine the incidences of EOD and LOD, and compare the risk factors between EOD and LOD. METHODS: A retrospective study of infants ≤ 90-day-old over an 8-year period (2010–2017). The incidences of EOD and LOD were obtained by using patients with EOD and LOD who were born in our institution as the numerator and the live births in our institution per year of the study period as the denominator. Available GBS isolates were serotyped by the National Public Health Laboratory using capsular serotyping methods. The risk factors of EOD and LOD were compared. RESULTS: A total of 71 infants were identified; 16 (22.5%) and 55 (77.5%) of them had EOD and LOD, respectively. Serotype III (n = 42, 71.2%) was the most common serotype amongst the 59 isolates available for serotyping. Serotypes Ia, Ib, II, III, and V accounted for 98.3% (n = 58) of the invasive GBS diseases. The overall incidence was 0.42 per 1000 live births. The mean incidences of EOD and LOD were 0.13 per 1000 live births and 0.29 per 1000 live births, respectively. On multivariate analysis, risk factors for LOD as compared to EOD were: Chinese ethnicity (OR 27.1, 95% CI 3.0–243.1, p = 0.003) and negative/unknown maternal GBS status (OR 20.0, 95% CI 2.0–250.0, p = 0.012). Prematurity and intrapartum risk factors (peripartum maternal pyrexia, prolonged rupture of membrane) of EOD were not associated with LOD. CONCLUSIONS: The LOD incidence had remained higher than EOD incidence in our cohort. A GBS vaccine that covers the major causative serotypes found in our cohort can potentially reduce the overall GBS disease burden in the country.
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spelling pubmed-86502372021-12-07 Serotype distribution and incidence of invasive early onset and late onset group B streptococcal disease amongst infants in Singapore Kam, Kai-Qian Thoon, Koh Cheng Tee, Wen Sim Nancy Ang, Michelle Lay Teng Tan, Natalie Woon Hui Yeo, Kee Thai Li, Jiahui Chong, Chia Yin BMC Infect Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: The current group B streptococcal (GBS) preventive measures had reduced invasive GBS early onset disease (EOD) incidences worldwide, but the late onset disease (LOD) incidences had remained unchanged. Administration of a safe and effective GBS vaccine in addition to the current strategies were thought to be the next steps in reducing the incidences of invasive GBS infection especially LOD. In this study, we aimed to examine the causative GBS serotypes in invasive GBS disease, determine the incidences of EOD and LOD, and compare the risk factors between EOD and LOD. METHODS: A retrospective study of infants ≤ 90-day-old over an 8-year period (2010–2017). The incidences of EOD and LOD were obtained by using patients with EOD and LOD who were born in our institution as the numerator and the live births in our institution per year of the study period as the denominator. Available GBS isolates were serotyped by the National Public Health Laboratory using capsular serotyping methods. The risk factors of EOD and LOD were compared. RESULTS: A total of 71 infants were identified; 16 (22.5%) and 55 (77.5%) of them had EOD and LOD, respectively. Serotype III (n = 42, 71.2%) was the most common serotype amongst the 59 isolates available for serotyping. Serotypes Ia, Ib, II, III, and V accounted for 98.3% (n = 58) of the invasive GBS diseases. The overall incidence was 0.42 per 1000 live births. The mean incidences of EOD and LOD were 0.13 per 1000 live births and 0.29 per 1000 live births, respectively. On multivariate analysis, risk factors for LOD as compared to EOD were: Chinese ethnicity (OR 27.1, 95% CI 3.0–243.1, p = 0.003) and negative/unknown maternal GBS status (OR 20.0, 95% CI 2.0–250.0, p = 0.012). Prematurity and intrapartum risk factors (peripartum maternal pyrexia, prolonged rupture of membrane) of EOD were not associated with LOD. CONCLUSIONS: The LOD incidence had remained higher than EOD incidence in our cohort. A GBS vaccine that covers the major causative serotypes found in our cohort can potentially reduce the overall GBS disease burden in the country. BioMed Central 2021-12-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8650237/ /pubmed/34876053 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06891-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kam, Kai-Qian
Thoon, Koh Cheng
Tee, Wen Sim Nancy
Ang, Michelle Lay Teng
Tan, Natalie Woon Hui
Yeo, Kee Thai
Li, Jiahui
Chong, Chia Yin
Serotype distribution and incidence of invasive early onset and late onset group B streptococcal disease amongst infants in Singapore
title Serotype distribution and incidence of invasive early onset and late onset group B streptococcal disease amongst infants in Singapore
title_full Serotype distribution and incidence of invasive early onset and late onset group B streptococcal disease amongst infants in Singapore
title_fullStr Serotype distribution and incidence of invasive early onset and late onset group B streptococcal disease amongst infants in Singapore
title_full_unstemmed Serotype distribution and incidence of invasive early onset and late onset group B streptococcal disease amongst infants in Singapore
title_short Serotype distribution and incidence of invasive early onset and late onset group B streptococcal disease amongst infants in Singapore
title_sort serotype distribution and incidence of invasive early onset and late onset group b streptococcal disease amongst infants in singapore
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8650237/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34876053
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06891-1
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