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Neural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the leading known genetic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with 60–74% of males with FXS meeting diagnostic criteria for ASD. Infants with FXS have demonstrated atypical neural responses during face processing that are unique from both typically developing, low-ris...

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Autores principales: Guy, Maggie W., Richards, John E., Hogan, Abigail L., Roberts, Jane E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8651978/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34899412
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.716642
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author Guy, Maggie W.
Richards, John E.
Hogan, Abigail L.
Roberts, Jane E.
author_facet Guy, Maggie W.
Richards, John E.
Hogan, Abigail L.
Roberts, Jane E.
author_sort Guy, Maggie W.
collection PubMed
description Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the leading known genetic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with 60–74% of males with FXS meeting diagnostic criteria for ASD. Infants with FXS have demonstrated atypical neural responses during face processing that are unique from both typically developing, low-risk infants and infants at high familial risk for ASD (i.e., infants siblings of children with ASD). In the current study, event-related potential (ERP) responses during face processing measured at 12 months of age were examined in relation to ASD symptoms measured at ~48 months of age in participants with FXS, as well as siblings of children with ASD and low-risk control participants. Results revealed that greater amplitude N290 responses in infancy were associated with more severe ASD symptoms in childhood in FXS and in siblings of children with ASD. This pattern of results was not observed for low-risk control participants. Reduced Nc amplitude was associated with more severe ASD symptoms in participants with FXS but was not observed in the other groups. This is the first study to examine ASD symptoms in childhood in relation to infant ERP responses in FXS. Results indicate that infant ERP responses may be predictive of later symptoms of ASD in FXS and the presence of both common and unique pathways to ASD in etiologically-distinct high-risk groups is supported (i.e., syndromic risk vs. familial risk).
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spelling pubmed-86519782021-12-09 Neural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome Guy, Maggie W. Richards, John E. Hogan, Abigail L. Roberts, Jane E. Front Psychiatry Psychiatry Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the leading known genetic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with 60–74% of males with FXS meeting diagnostic criteria for ASD. Infants with FXS have demonstrated atypical neural responses during face processing that are unique from both typically developing, low-risk infants and infants at high familial risk for ASD (i.e., infants siblings of children with ASD). In the current study, event-related potential (ERP) responses during face processing measured at 12 months of age were examined in relation to ASD symptoms measured at ~48 months of age in participants with FXS, as well as siblings of children with ASD and low-risk control participants. Results revealed that greater amplitude N290 responses in infancy were associated with more severe ASD symptoms in childhood in FXS and in siblings of children with ASD. This pattern of results was not observed for low-risk control participants. Reduced Nc amplitude was associated with more severe ASD symptoms in participants with FXS but was not observed in the other groups. This is the first study to examine ASD symptoms in childhood in relation to infant ERP responses in FXS. Results indicate that infant ERP responses may be predictive of later symptoms of ASD in FXS and the presence of both common and unique pathways to ASD in etiologically-distinct high-risk groups is supported (i.e., syndromic risk vs. familial risk). Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-11-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8651978/ /pubmed/34899412 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.716642 Text en Copyright © 2021 Guy, Richards, Hogan and Roberts. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Guy, Maggie W.
Richards, John E.
Hogan, Abigail L.
Roberts, Jane E.
Neural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome
title Neural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome
title_full Neural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome
title_fullStr Neural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome
title_full_unstemmed Neural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome
title_short Neural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome
title_sort neural correlates of infant face processing and later emerging autism symptoms in fragile x syndrome
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8651978/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34899412
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.716642
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