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The Role and Significance of Bioumoral Markers in Prostate Cancer

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Prostate cancer (PCa) represents a very important health problem worldwide. Used as the main screening method for almost four decades, PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) has proven its limitations. In this review, the authors try to make an evaluation of the biomarkers commercially avai...

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Autores principales: Constantin, Traian, Savu, Diana Alexandra, Bucur, Ștefana, Predoiu, Gabriel, Constantin, Maria Magdalena, Jinga, Viorel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8656561/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34885045
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13235932
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author Constantin, Traian
Savu, Diana Alexandra
Bucur, Ștefana
Predoiu, Gabriel
Constantin, Maria Magdalena
Jinga, Viorel
author_facet Constantin, Traian
Savu, Diana Alexandra
Bucur, Ștefana
Predoiu, Gabriel
Constantin, Maria Magdalena
Jinga, Viorel
author_sort Constantin, Traian
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Prostate cancer (PCa) represents a very important health problem worldwide. Used as the main screening method for almost four decades, PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) has proven its limitations. In this review, the authors try to make an evaluation of the biomarkers commercially available and used to improve the PCa detection in patients with elevated PSA. The authors also present the current PCa screening and diagnosis protocols in Romania. ABSTRACT: The prostate is one of the most clinically accessible internal organs of the genitourinary tract in men. For decades, the only method of screening for prostate cancer (PCa) has been digital rectal examination of 1990s significantly increased the incidence and prevalence of PCa and consequently the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease. In addition, the different types of oncology treatment methods have been linked to specific complications and side effects, which would affect the patient’s quality of life. In the first two decades of the 21st century, over-detection and over-treatment of PCa patients has generated enormous costs for health systems, especially in Europe and the United States. The Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) is still the most common and accessible screening blood test for PCa, but with low sensibility and specificity at lower values (<10 ng/mL). Therefore, in order to avoid unnecessary biopsies, several screening tests (blood, urine, or genetic) have been developed. This review analyzes the most used bioumoral markers for PCa screening and also those that could predict the evolution of metastases of patients diagnosed with PCa.
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spelling pubmed-86565612021-12-10 The Role and Significance of Bioumoral Markers in Prostate Cancer Constantin, Traian Savu, Diana Alexandra Bucur, Ștefana Predoiu, Gabriel Constantin, Maria Magdalena Jinga, Viorel Cancers (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Prostate cancer (PCa) represents a very important health problem worldwide. Used as the main screening method for almost four decades, PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) has proven its limitations. In this review, the authors try to make an evaluation of the biomarkers commercially available and used to improve the PCa detection in patients with elevated PSA. The authors also present the current PCa screening and diagnosis protocols in Romania. ABSTRACT: The prostate is one of the most clinically accessible internal organs of the genitourinary tract in men. For decades, the only method of screening for prostate cancer (PCa) has been digital rectal examination of 1990s significantly increased the incidence and prevalence of PCa and consequently the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease. In addition, the different types of oncology treatment methods have been linked to specific complications and side effects, which would affect the patient’s quality of life. In the first two decades of the 21st century, over-detection and over-treatment of PCa patients has generated enormous costs for health systems, especially in Europe and the United States. The Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) is still the most common and accessible screening blood test for PCa, but with low sensibility and specificity at lower values (<10 ng/mL). Therefore, in order to avoid unnecessary biopsies, several screening tests (blood, urine, or genetic) have been developed. This review analyzes the most used bioumoral markers for PCa screening and also those that could predict the evolution of metastases of patients diagnosed with PCa. MDPI 2021-11-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8656561/ /pubmed/34885045 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13235932 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Constantin, Traian
Savu, Diana Alexandra
Bucur, Ștefana
Predoiu, Gabriel
Constantin, Maria Magdalena
Jinga, Viorel
The Role and Significance of Bioumoral Markers in Prostate Cancer
title The Role and Significance of Bioumoral Markers in Prostate Cancer
title_full The Role and Significance of Bioumoral Markers in Prostate Cancer
title_fullStr The Role and Significance of Bioumoral Markers in Prostate Cancer
title_full_unstemmed The Role and Significance of Bioumoral Markers in Prostate Cancer
title_short The Role and Significance of Bioumoral Markers in Prostate Cancer
title_sort role and significance of bioumoral markers in prostate cancer
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8656561/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34885045
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13235932
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