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Implementing the Federal Smoke-Free Public Housing Policy in New York City: Understanding Challenges and Opportunities for Improving Policy Impact

In 2018, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development required public housing authorities to implement a smoke-free housing (SFH) policy that included individual apartments. We analyzed the policy implementation process in the New York City Public Housing Authority (NYCHA). From June–Novembe...

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Autores principales: Jiang, Nan, Gill, Emily, Thorpe, Lorna E., Rogers, Erin S., de Leon, Cora, Anastasiou, Elle, Kaplan, Sue A., Shelley, Donna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8656672/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34886292
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312565
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author Jiang, Nan
Gill, Emily
Thorpe, Lorna E.
Rogers, Erin S.
de Leon, Cora
Anastasiou, Elle
Kaplan, Sue A.
Shelley, Donna
author_facet Jiang, Nan
Gill, Emily
Thorpe, Lorna E.
Rogers, Erin S.
de Leon, Cora
Anastasiou, Elle
Kaplan, Sue A.
Shelley, Donna
author_sort Jiang, Nan
collection PubMed
description In 2018, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development required public housing authorities to implement a smoke-free housing (SFH) policy that included individual apartments. We analyzed the policy implementation process in the New York City Public Housing Authority (NYCHA). From June–November 2019, we conducted 9 focus groups with 64 NYCHA residents (smokers and nonsmokers), 8 key informant interviews with NYCHA staff and resident association leaders, and repeated surveys with a cohort of 130 nonsmoking households pre- and 12-month post policy. One year post policy implementation, participants reported widespread smoking violations and multi-level factors impeding policy implementation. These included the shared belief among residents and staff that the policy overreached by “telling people what to do in their own apartments”. This hindered compliance and enforcement efforts. Inconsistent enforcement of illegal marijuana use, staff smoking violations, and a lack of accountability for other pressing housing issues created the perception that smokers were being unfairly targeted, as did the lack of smoking cessation resources. Resident support for the policy remained unchanged but satisfaction with enforcement declined (60.1% vs. 48.8%, p = 0.047). We identified multilevel contextual factors that are influencing SFH policy implementation. Findings can inform the design of strategies to optimize policy implementation.
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spelling pubmed-86566722021-12-10 Implementing the Federal Smoke-Free Public Housing Policy in New York City: Understanding Challenges and Opportunities for Improving Policy Impact Jiang, Nan Gill, Emily Thorpe, Lorna E. Rogers, Erin S. de Leon, Cora Anastasiou, Elle Kaplan, Sue A. Shelley, Donna Int J Environ Res Public Health Article In 2018, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development required public housing authorities to implement a smoke-free housing (SFH) policy that included individual apartments. We analyzed the policy implementation process in the New York City Public Housing Authority (NYCHA). From June–November 2019, we conducted 9 focus groups with 64 NYCHA residents (smokers and nonsmokers), 8 key informant interviews with NYCHA staff and resident association leaders, and repeated surveys with a cohort of 130 nonsmoking households pre- and 12-month post policy. One year post policy implementation, participants reported widespread smoking violations and multi-level factors impeding policy implementation. These included the shared belief among residents and staff that the policy overreached by “telling people what to do in their own apartments”. This hindered compliance and enforcement efforts. Inconsistent enforcement of illegal marijuana use, staff smoking violations, and a lack of accountability for other pressing housing issues created the perception that smokers were being unfairly targeted, as did the lack of smoking cessation resources. Resident support for the policy remained unchanged but satisfaction with enforcement declined (60.1% vs. 48.8%, p = 0.047). We identified multilevel contextual factors that are influencing SFH policy implementation. Findings can inform the design of strategies to optimize policy implementation. MDPI 2021-11-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8656672/ /pubmed/34886292 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312565 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Jiang, Nan
Gill, Emily
Thorpe, Lorna E.
Rogers, Erin S.
de Leon, Cora
Anastasiou, Elle
Kaplan, Sue A.
Shelley, Donna
Implementing the Federal Smoke-Free Public Housing Policy in New York City: Understanding Challenges and Opportunities for Improving Policy Impact
title Implementing the Federal Smoke-Free Public Housing Policy in New York City: Understanding Challenges and Opportunities for Improving Policy Impact
title_full Implementing the Federal Smoke-Free Public Housing Policy in New York City: Understanding Challenges and Opportunities for Improving Policy Impact
title_fullStr Implementing the Federal Smoke-Free Public Housing Policy in New York City: Understanding Challenges and Opportunities for Improving Policy Impact
title_full_unstemmed Implementing the Federal Smoke-Free Public Housing Policy in New York City: Understanding Challenges and Opportunities for Improving Policy Impact
title_short Implementing the Federal Smoke-Free Public Housing Policy in New York City: Understanding Challenges and Opportunities for Improving Policy Impact
title_sort implementing the federal smoke-free public housing policy in new york city: understanding challenges and opportunities for improving policy impact
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8656672/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34886292
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312565
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