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Higher Accumulation of Visceral Adipose Tissue Is an Independent Risk Factor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma among Viral Hepatitis Patients with Non-Cirrhotic Livers
SIMPLE SUMMARY: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurring in non-cirrhotic livers is often overlooked in clinical practice because the present HCC surveillance strategies usually focus only on patients with cirrhotic livers. This study aimed to determine the risk factors for HCC among viral hepatitis...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8657094/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34885089 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13235980 |
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author | Imai, Kenji Takai, Koji Miwa, Takao Maeda, Toshihide Hanai, Tatsunori Shirakami, Yohei Suetsugu, Atsushi Shimizu, Masahito |
author_facet | Imai, Kenji Takai, Koji Miwa, Takao Maeda, Toshihide Hanai, Tatsunori Shirakami, Yohei Suetsugu, Atsushi Shimizu, Masahito |
author_sort | Imai, Kenji |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurring in non-cirrhotic livers is often overlooked in clinical practice because the present HCC surveillance strategies usually focus only on patients with cirrhotic livers. This study aimed to determine the risk factors for HCC among viral hepatitis patients with non-cirrhotic livers. The findings of this study could be very useful in detecting HCC at an early stage, especially in patients with viral hepatitis who may not have developed extensive cirrhosis. ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determine the risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in non-cirrhotic livers among viral hepatitis patients. A total of 333 HCC cases, including 69 hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related and 264 hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related, were divided into cirrhotic (Fibrosis-4 [FIB-4] index > 3.25) and non-cirrhotic groups (FIB-4 index ≤ 3.25). The clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared. The independent risk factors for the development of HCC were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The patients with HBV-related HCC were significantly younger, had better Child-Pugh scores, lower FIB-4 index and Mac-2 binding protein glycosylated isomers (M2BPGi) levels, more progressive cancer stage, and higher alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels than those with HCV-related HCC. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension were less common in patients with HBV-related HCC. The non-cirrhotic group with HBV-related HCC had a higher visceral adipose tissue index (VATI), better Child-Pugh score, and higher hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), whereas the one with HCV-related HCC had a higher proportion of men, higher VATI, better Child-Pugh score, higher HbA1c, and a higher prevalence of hypertension, than the corresponding cirrhotic groups. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that age, male sex, VATI, HbA1c, the presence of hypertension, and HBV etiology were independent risk factors for HCC in a non-cirrhotic liver. A high accumulation of VAT is a risk factor for HCC in patients with non-cirrhotic livers. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8657094 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86570942021-12-10 Higher Accumulation of Visceral Adipose Tissue Is an Independent Risk Factor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma among Viral Hepatitis Patients with Non-Cirrhotic Livers Imai, Kenji Takai, Koji Miwa, Takao Maeda, Toshihide Hanai, Tatsunori Shirakami, Yohei Suetsugu, Atsushi Shimizu, Masahito Cancers (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurring in non-cirrhotic livers is often overlooked in clinical practice because the present HCC surveillance strategies usually focus only on patients with cirrhotic livers. This study aimed to determine the risk factors for HCC among viral hepatitis patients with non-cirrhotic livers. The findings of this study could be very useful in detecting HCC at an early stage, especially in patients with viral hepatitis who may not have developed extensive cirrhosis. ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determine the risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in non-cirrhotic livers among viral hepatitis patients. A total of 333 HCC cases, including 69 hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related and 264 hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related, were divided into cirrhotic (Fibrosis-4 [FIB-4] index > 3.25) and non-cirrhotic groups (FIB-4 index ≤ 3.25). The clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared. The independent risk factors for the development of HCC were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The patients with HBV-related HCC were significantly younger, had better Child-Pugh scores, lower FIB-4 index and Mac-2 binding protein glycosylated isomers (M2BPGi) levels, more progressive cancer stage, and higher alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels than those with HCV-related HCC. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension were less common in patients with HBV-related HCC. The non-cirrhotic group with HBV-related HCC had a higher visceral adipose tissue index (VATI), better Child-Pugh score, and higher hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), whereas the one with HCV-related HCC had a higher proportion of men, higher VATI, better Child-Pugh score, higher HbA1c, and a higher prevalence of hypertension, than the corresponding cirrhotic groups. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that age, male sex, VATI, HbA1c, the presence of hypertension, and HBV etiology were independent risk factors for HCC in a non-cirrhotic liver. A high accumulation of VAT is a risk factor for HCC in patients with non-cirrhotic livers. MDPI 2021-11-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8657094/ /pubmed/34885089 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13235980 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Imai, Kenji Takai, Koji Miwa, Takao Maeda, Toshihide Hanai, Tatsunori Shirakami, Yohei Suetsugu, Atsushi Shimizu, Masahito Higher Accumulation of Visceral Adipose Tissue Is an Independent Risk Factor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma among Viral Hepatitis Patients with Non-Cirrhotic Livers |
title | Higher Accumulation of Visceral Adipose Tissue Is an Independent Risk Factor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma among Viral Hepatitis Patients with Non-Cirrhotic Livers |
title_full | Higher Accumulation of Visceral Adipose Tissue Is an Independent Risk Factor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma among Viral Hepatitis Patients with Non-Cirrhotic Livers |
title_fullStr | Higher Accumulation of Visceral Adipose Tissue Is an Independent Risk Factor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma among Viral Hepatitis Patients with Non-Cirrhotic Livers |
title_full_unstemmed | Higher Accumulation of Visceral Adipose Tissue Is an Independent Risk Factor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma among Viral Hepatitis Patients with Non-Cirrhotic Livers |
title_short | Higher Accumulation of Visceral Adipose Tissue Is an Independent Risk Factor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma among Viral Hepatitis Patients with Non-Cirrhotic Livers |
title_sort | higher accumulation of visceral adipose tissue is an independent risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma among viral hepatitis patients with non-cirrhotic livers |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8657094/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34885089 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13235980 |
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