Cargando…

Additional Value of PET Radiomic Features for the Initial Staging of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review from the Literature

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequent malignancies diagnosed in men and its prognosis depends on the stage at diagnosis. Molecular imaging, namely PET/CT or PET/MRI using prostate-specific radiotracers, has gained increasing application in accurately evaluating PCa at sta...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Guglielmo, Priscilla, Marturano, Francesca, Bettinelli, Andrea, Gregianin, Michele, Paiusco, Marta, Evangelista, Laura
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8657371/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34885135
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13236026
_version_ 1784612487163805696
author Guglielmo, Priscilla
Marturano, Francesca
Bettinelli, Andrea
Gregianin, Michele
Paiusco, Marta
Evangelista, Laura
author_facet Guglielmo, Priscilla
Marturano, Francesca
Bettinelli, Andrea
Gregianin, Michele
Paiusco, Marta
Evangelista, Laura
author_sort Guglielmo, Priscilla
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequent malignancies diagnosed in men and its prognosis depends on the stage at diagnosis. Molecular imaging, namely PET/CT or PET/MRI using prostate-specific radiotracers, has gained increasing application in accurately evaluating PCa at staging, especially in cases of high-risk disease, and it is now also recommended by international guidelines. Radiomic analysis is an emerging research field with a high potential to offer non-invasive and longitudinal biomarkers for personalized medicine, and several applications have been described in oncology patients. In this review, we discuss the available evidence on the role of radiomic analysis in PCa imaging at staging, exploring two different hybrid imaging modalities, such as PET/CT and PET/MRI, and the whole spectrum of radiotracers involved. ABSTRACT: We performed a systematic review of the literature to provide an overview of the application of PET radiomics for the prediction of the initial staging of prostate cancer (PCa), and to discuss the additional value of radiomic features over clinical data. The most relevant databases and web sources were interrogated by using the query “prostate AND radiomic* AND PET”. English-language original articles published before July 2021 were considered. A total of 28 studies were screened for eligibility and 6 of them met the inclusion criteria and were, therefore, included for further analysis. All studies were based on human patients. The average number of patients included in the studies was 72 (range 52–101), and the average number of high-order features calculated per study was 167 (range 50–480). The radiotracers used were [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 (in four out of six studies), [18F]DCFPyL (one out of six studies), and [11C]Choline (one out of six studies). Considering the imaging modality, three out of six studies used a PET/CT scanner and the other half a PET/MRI tomograph. Heterogeneous results were reported regarding radiomic methods (e.g., segmentation modality) and considered features. The studies reported several predictive markers including first-, second-, and high-order features, such as “kurtosis”, “grey-level uniformity”, and “HLL wavelet mean”, respectively, as well as PET-based metabolic parameters. The strengths and weaknesses of PET radiomics in this setting of disease will be largely discussed and a critical analysis of the available data will be reported. In our review, radiomic analysis proved to add useful information for lesion detection and the prediction of tumor grading of prostatic lesions, even when they were missed at visual qualitative assessment due to their small size; furthermore, PET radiomics could play a synergistic role with the mpMRI radiomic features in lesion evaluation. The most common limitations of the studies were the small sample size, retrospective design, lack of validation on external datasets, and unavailability of univocal cut-off values for the selected radiomic features.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8657371
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-86573712021-12-10 Additional Value of PET Radiomic Features for the Initial Staging of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review from the Literature Guglielmo, Priscilla Marturano, Francesca Bettinelli, Andrea Gregianin, Michele Paiusco, Marta Evangelista, Laura Cancers (Basel) Systematic Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequent malignancies diagnosed in men and its prognosis depends on the stage at diagnosis. Molecular imaging, namely PET/CT or PET/MRI using prostate-specific radiotracers, has gained increasing application in accurately evaluating PCa at staging, especially in cases of high-risk disease, and it is now also recommended by international guidelines. Radiomic analysis is an emerging research field with a high potential to offer non-invasive and longitudinal biomarkers for personalized medicine, and several applications have been described in oncology patients. In this review, we discuss the available evidence on the role of radiomic analysis in PCa imaging at staging, exploring two different hybrid imaging modalities, such as PET/CT and PET/MRI, and the whole spectrum of radiotracers involved. ABSTRACT: We performed a systematic review of the literature to provide an overview of the application of PET radiomics for the prediction of the initial staging of prostate cancer (PCa), and to discuss the additional value of radiomic features over clinical data. The most relevant databases and web sources were interrogated by using the query “prostate AND radiomic* AND PET”. English-language original articles published before July 2021 were considered. A total of 28 studies were screened for eligibility and 6 of them met the inclusion criteria and were, therefore, included for further analysis. All studies were based on human patients. The average number of patients included in the studies was 72 (range 52–101), and the average number of high-order features calculated per study was 167 (range 50–480). The radiotracers used were [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 (in four out of six studies), [18F]DCFPyL (one out of six studies), and [11C]Choline (one out of six studies). Considering the imaging modality, three out of six studies used a PET/CT scanner and the other half a PET/MRI tomograph. Heterogeneous results were reported regarding radiomic methods (e.g., segmentation modality) and considered features. The studies reported several predictive markers including first-, second-, and high-order features, such as “kurtosis”, “grey-level uniformity”, and “HLL wavelet mean”, respectively, as well as PET-based metabolic parameters. The strengths and weaknesses of PET radiomics in this setting of disease will be largely discussed and a critical analysis of the available data will be reported. In our review, radiomic analysis proved to add useful information for lesion detection and the prediction of tumor grading of prostatic lesions, even when they were missed at visual qualitative assessment due to their small size; furthermore, PET radiomics could play a synergistic role with the mpMRI radiomic features in lesion evaluation. The most common limitations of the studies were the small sample size, retrospective design, lack of validation on external datasets, and unavailability of univocal cut-off values for the selected radiomic features. MDPI 2021-11-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8657371/ /pubmed/34885135 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13236026 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Systematic Review
Guglielmo, Priscilla
Marturano, Francesca
Bettinelli, Andrea
Gregianin, Michele
Paiusco, Marta
Evangelista, Laura
Additional Value of PET Radiomic Features for the Initial Staging of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review from the Literature
title Additional Value of PET Radiomic Features for the Initial Staging of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review from the Literature
title_full Additional Value of PET Radiomic Features for the Initial Staging of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review from the Literature
title_fullStr Additional Value of PET Radiomic Features for the Initial Staging of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review from the Literature
title_full_unstemmed Additional Value of PET Radiomic Features for the Initial Staging of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review from the Literature
title_short Additional Value of PET Radiomic Features for the Initial Staging of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review from the Literature
title_sort additional value of pet radiomic features for the initial staging of prostate cancer: a systematic review from the literature
topic Systematic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8657371/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34885135
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13236026
work_keys_str_mv AT guglielmopriscilla additionalvalueofpetradiomicfeaturesfortheinitialstagingofprostatecancerasystematicreviewfromtheliterature
AT marturanofrancesca additionalvalueofpetradiomicfeaturesfortheinitialstagingofprostatecancerasystematicreviewfromtheliterature
AT bettinelliandrea additionalvalueofpetradiomicfeaturesfortheinitialstagingofprostatecancerasystematicreviewfromtheliterature
AT gregianinmichele additionalvalueofpetradiomicfeaturesfortheinitialstagingofprostatecancerasystematicreviewfromtheliterature
AT paiuscomarta additionalvalueofpetradiomicfeaturesfortheinitialstagingofprostatecancerasystematicreviewfromtheliterature
AT evangelistalaura additionalvalueofpetradiomicfeaturesfortheinitialstagingofprostatecancerasystematicreviewfromtheliterature