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A Comparison of the Effect of Lead (Pb) on the Slow Vacuolar (SV) and Fast Vacuolar (FV) Channels in Red Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Taproot Vacuoles
Little is known about the effect of lead on the activity of the vacuolar K(+) channels. Here, the patch-clamp technique was used to compare the impact of lead (PbCl(2)) on the slow-activating (SV) and fast-activating (FV) vacuolar channels. It was revealed that, under symmetrical 100-mM K(+), the ma...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8657509/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34884427 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312621 |
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author | Siemieniuk, Agnieszka Burdach, Zbigniew Karcz, Waldemar |
author_facet | Siemieniuk, Agnieszka Burdach, Zbigniew Karcz, Waldemar |
author_sort | Siemieniuk, Agnieszka |
collection | PubMed |
description | Little is known about the effect of lead on the activity of the vacuolar K(+) channels. Here, the patch-clamp technique was used to compare the impact of lead (PbCl(2)) on the slow-activating (SV) and fast-activating (FV) vacuolar channels. It was revealed that, under symmetrical 100-mM K(+), the macroscopic currents of the SV channels exhibited a typical slow activation and a strong outward rectification of the steady-state currents, while the macroscopic currents of the FV channels displayed instantaneous currents, which, at the positive potentials, were about three-fold greater compared to the one at the negative potentials. When PbCl(2) was added to the bath solution at a final concentration of 100 µM, it decreased the macroscopic outward currents of both channels but did not change the inward currents. The single-channel recordings demonstrated that cytosolic lead causes this macroscopic effect by a decrease of the single-channel conductance and decreases the channel open probability. We propose that cytosolic lead reduces the current flowing through the SV and FV channels, which causes a decrease of the K(+) fluxes from the cytosol to the vacuole. This finding may, at least in part, explain the mechanism by which cytosolic Pb(2+) reduces the growth of plant cells. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8657509 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86575092021-12-10 A Comparison of the Effect of Lead (Pb) on the Slow Vacuolar (SV) and Fast Vacuolar (FV) Channels in Red Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Taproot Vacuoles Siemieniuk, Agnieszka Burdach, Zbigniew Karcz, Waldemar Int J Mol Sci Article Little is known about the effect of lead on the activity of the vacuolar K(+) channels. Here, the patch-clamp technique was used to compare the impact of lead (PbCl(2)) on the slow-activating (SV) and fast-activating (FV) vacuolar channels. It was revealed that, under symmetrical 100-mM K(+), the macroscopic currents of the SV channels exhibited a typical slow activation and a strong outward rectification of the steady-state currents, while the macroscopic currents of the FV channels displayed instantaneous currents, which, at the positive potentials, were about three-fold greater compared to the one at the negative potentials. When PbCl(2) was added to the bath solution at a final concentration of 100 µM, it decreased the macroscopic outward currents of both channels but did not change the inward currents. The single-channel recordings demonstrated that cytosolic lead causes this macroscopic effect by a decrease of the single-channel conductance and decreases the channel open probability. We propose that cytosolic lead reduces the current flowing through the SV and FV channels, which causes a decrease of the K(+) fluxes from the cytosol to the vacuole. This finding may, at least in part, explain the mechanism by which cytosolic Pb(2+) reduces the growth of plant cells. MDPI 2021-11-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8657509/ /pubmed/34884427 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312621 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Siemieniuk, Agnieszka Burdach, Zbigniew Karcz, Waldemar A Comparison of the Effect of Lead (Pb) on the Slow Vacuolar (SV) and Fast Vacuolar (FV) Channels in Red Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Taproot Vacuoles |
title | A Comparison of the Effect of Lead (Pb) on the Slow Vacuolar (SV) and Fast Vacuolar (FV) Channels in Red Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Taproot Vacuoles |
title_full | A Comparison of the Effect of Lead (Pb) on the Slow Vacuolar (SV) and Fast Vacuolar (FV) Channels in Red Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Taproot Vacuoles |
title_fullStr | A Comparison of the Effect of Lead (Pb) on the Slow Vacuolar (SV) and Fast Vacuolar (FV) Channels in Red Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Taproot Vacuoles |
title_full_unstemmed | A Comparison of the Effect of Lead (Pb) on the Slow Vacuolar (SV) and Fast Vacuolar (FV) Channels in Red Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Taproot Vacuoles |
title_short | A Comparison of the Effect of Lead (Pb) on the Slow Vacuolar (SV) and Fast Vacuolar (FV) Channels in Red Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Taproot Vacuoles |
title_sort | comparison of the effect of lead (pb) on the slow vacuolar (sv) and fast vacuolar (fv) channels in red beet (beta vulgaris l.) taproot vacuoles |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8657509/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34884427 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312621 |
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