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The Expression Pattern of Genes Related to Melanogenesis and Endogenous Opioids in Psoriasis
The melanocortin system is a major regulator of stress responses in the skin and is responsible for the induction of melanin synthesis through activation of melanogenesis enzymes. The expression of both melanocortin system genes and melanogenesis enzyme genes is altered in psoriasis, and the focus h...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8657874/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34884858 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222313056 |
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author | Loite, Ulvi Raam, Liisi Reimann, Ene Reemann, Paula Prans, Ele Traks, Tanel Vasar, Eero Silm, Helgi Kingo, Külli Kõks, Sulev |
author_facet | Loite, Ulvi Raam, Liisi Reimann, Ene Reemann, Paula Prans, Ele Traks, Tanel Vasar, Eero Silm, Helgi Kingo, Külli Kõks, Sulev |
author_sort | Loite, Ulvi |
collection | PubMed |
description | The melanocortin system is a major regulator of stress responses in the skin and is responsible for the induction of melanin synthesis through activation of melanogenesis enzymes. The expression of both melanocortin system genes and melanogenesis enzyme genes is altered in psoriasis, and the focus here was on twelve genes related to the signal transduction between them. Additionally, five endogenous opioid system genes that are involved in cutaneous inflammation were examined. Quantitative real-time-PCR was utilized to measure mRNA expression in punch biopsies from lesional and non-lesional skin of psoriasis patients and from the skin of healthy control subjects. Most of the genes related to melanogenesis were down-regulated in patients (CREB1, MITF, LEF1, USF1, MAPK14, ICAM1, PIK3CB, RPS6KB1, KIT, and ATRN). Conversely, an up-regulation occurred in the case of opioids (PENK, PDYN, and PNOC). The suppression of genes related to melanogenesis is in agreement with the reported reduction in pigmentation signaling in psoriatic skin and potentially results from the pro-inflammatory environment. The increase in endogenous opioids can be associated with their involvement in inflammatory dysregulation in psoriasis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8657874 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86578742021-12-10 The Expression Pattern of Genes Related to Melanogenesis and Endogenous Opioids in Psoriasis Loite, Ulvi Raam, Liisi Reimann, Ene Reemann, Paula Prans, Ele Traks, Tanel Vasar, Eero Silm, Helgi Kingo, Külli Kõks, Sulev Int J Mol Sci Article The melanocortin system is a major regulator of stress responses in the skin and is responsible for the induction of melanin synthesis through activation of melanogenesis enzymes. The expression of both melanocortin system genes and melanogenesis enzyme genes is altered in psoriasis, and the focus here was on twelve genes related to the signal transduction between them. Additionally, five endogenous opioid system genes that are involved in cutaneous inflammation were examined. Quantitative real-time-PCR was utilized to measure mRNA expression in punch biopsies from lesional and non-lesional skin of psoriasis patients and from the skin of healthy control subjects. Most of the genes related to melanogenesis were down-regulated in patients (CREB1, MITF, LEF1, USF1, MAPK14, ICAM1, PIK3CB, RPS6KB1, KIT, and ATRN). Conversely, an up-regulation occurred in the case of opioids (PENK, PDYN, and PNOC). The suppression of genes related to melanogenesis is in agreement with the reported reduction in pigmentation signaling in psoriatic skin and potentially results from the pro-inflammatory environment. The increase in endogenous opioids can be associated with their involvement in inflammatory dysregulation in psoriasis. MDPI 2021-12-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8657874/ /pubmed/34884858 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222313056 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Loite, Ulvi Raam, Liisi Reimann, Ene Reemann, Paula Prans, Ele Traks, Tanel Vasar, Eero Silm, Helgi Kingo, Külli Kõks, Sulev The Expression Pattern of Genes Related to Melanogenesis and Endogenous Opioids in Psoriasis |
title | The Expression Pattern of Genes Related to Melanogenesis and Endogenous Opioids in Psoriasis |
title_full | The Expression Pattern of Genes Related to Melanogenesis and Endogenous Opioids in Psoriasis |
title_fullStr | The Expression Pattern of Genes Related to Melanogenesis and Endogenous Opioids in Psoriasis |
title_full_unstemmed | The Expression Pattern of Genes Related to Melanogenesis and Endogenous Opioids in Psoriasis |
title_short | The Expression Pattern of Genes Related to Melanogenesis and Endogenous Opioids in Psoriasis |
title_sort | expression pattern of genes related to melanogenesis and endogenous opioids in psoriasis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8657874/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34884858 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222313056 |
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