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Refinement and Neutralization Evaluation of the F(ab’)(2) Type of Antivenom against the Deadly Jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai Toxins

Jellyfish stings threaten people’s health and even life in coastal areas worldwide. Nemopilema nomurai is one of the most dangerous jellyfish in the East Asian Marginal Seas, which not only stings hundreds of thousands of people every year but also is assumed to be responsible for most deaths by jel...

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Autores principales: Li, Rongfeng, Yu, Huahua, Li, Aoyu, Yu, Chunlin, Li, Pengcheng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8657884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34884477
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312672
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author Li, Rongfeng
Yu, Huahua
Li, Aoyu
Yu, Chunlin
Li, Pengcheng
author_facet Li, Rongfeng
Yu, Huahua
Li, Aoyu
Yu, Chunlin
Li, Pengcheng
author_sort Li, Rongfeng
collection PubMed
description Jellyfish stings threaten people’s health and even life in coastal areas worldwide. Nemopilema nomurai is one of the most dangerous jellyfish in the East Asian Marginal Seas, which not only stings hundreds of thousands of people every year but also is assumed to be responsible for most deaths by jellyfish stings in China. However, there is no effective first-aid drug, such as antivenoms, for the treatment of severe stings by N. nomurai to date. In this study, we prepared a N. nomurai antiserum from rabbits using inactivated N. nomurai toxins (NnTXs) and isolated the IgG type of antivenom (IgG-AntiNnTXs) from the antiserum. Subsequently, IgG-AntiNnTXs were refined with multiple optimizations to remove Fc fragments. Finally, the F(ab’)(2) type of antivenom (F(ab’)(2)-AntiNnTXs) was purified using Superdex 200 and protein A columns. The neutralization efficacy of both types of antivenom was analyzed in vitro and in vivo, and the results showed that both IgG and F(ab’)(2) types of antivenom have some neutralization effect on the metalloproteinase activity of NnTXs in vitro and could also decrease the mortality of mice in the first 4 h after injection. This study provides some useful information for the development of an effective antivenom for N. nomurai stings in the future.
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spelling pubmed-86578842021-12-10 Refinement and Neutralization Evaluation of the F(ab’)(2) Type of Antivenom against the Deadly Jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai Toxins Li, Rongfeng Yu, Huahua Li, Aoyu Yu, Chunlin Li, Pengcheng Int J Mol Sci Article Jellyfish stings threaten people’s health and even life in coastal areas worldwide. Nemopilema nomurai is one of the most dangerous jellyfish in the East Asian Marginal Seas, which not only stings hundreds of thousands of people every year but also is assumed to be responsible for most deaths by jellyfish stings in China. However, there is no effective first-aid drug, such as antivenoms, for the treatment of severe stings by N. nomurai to date. In this study, we prepared a N. nomurai antiserum from rabbits using inactivated N. nomurai toxins (NnTXs) and isolated the IgG type of antivenom (IgG-AntiNnTXs) from the antiserum. Subsequently, IgG-AntiNnTXs were refined with multiple optimizations to remove Fc fragments. Finally, the F(ab’)(2) type of antivenom (F(ab’)(2)-AntiNnTXs) was purified using Superdex 200 and protein A columns. The neutralization efficacy of both types of antivenom was analyzed in vitro and in vivo, and the results showed that both IgG and F(ab’)(2) types of antivenom have some neutralization effect on the metalloproteinase activity of NnTXs in vitro and could also decrease the mortality of mice in the first 4 h after injection. This study provides some useful information for the development of an effective antivenom for N. nomurai stings in the future. MDPI 2021-11-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8657884/ /pubmed/34884477 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312672 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Li, Rongfeng
Yu, Huahua
Li, Aoyu
Yu, Chunlin
Li, Pengcheng
Refinement and Neutralization Evaluation of the F(ab’)(2) Type of Antivenom against the Deadly Jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai Toxins
title Refinement and Neutralization Evaluation of the F(ab’)(2) Type of Antivenom against the Deadly Jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai Toxins
title_full Refinement and Neutralization Evaluation of the F(ab’)(2) Type of Antivenom against the Deadly Jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai Toxins
title_fullStr Refinement and Neutralization Evaluation of the F(ab’)(2) Type of Antivenom against the Deadly Jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai Toxins
title_full_unstemmed Refinement and Neutralization Evaluation of the F(ab’)(2) Type of Antivenom against the Deadly Jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai Toxins
title_short Refinement and Neutralization Evaluation of the F(ab’)(2) Type of Antivenom against the Deadly Jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai Toxins
title_sort refinement and neutralization evaluation of the f(ab’)(2) type of antivenom against the deadly jellyfish nemopilema nomurai toxins
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8657884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34884477
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312672
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