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Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Animal Models of Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloidosis

Amyloid-beta (Aβ) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Aberrant Aβ accumulation induces neuroinflammation, cerebrovascular alterations, and synaptic deficits, leading to cognitive impairment. Animal models recapitulating the Aβ pathology, such as transgenic, knock-in m...

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Autor principal: Ni, Ruiqing
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8657987/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34884573
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312768
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author Ni, Ruiqing
author_facet Ni, Ruiqing
author_sort Ni, Ruiqing
collection PubMed
description Amyloid-beta (Aβ) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Aberrant Aβ accumulation induces neuroinflammation, cerebrovascular alterations, and synaptic deficits, leading to cognitive impairment. Animal models recapitulating the Aβ pathology, such as transgenic, knock-in mouse and rat models, have facilitated the understanding of disease mechanisms and the development of therapeutics targeting Aβ. There is a rapid advance in high-field MRI in small animals. Versatile high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences, such as diffusion tensor imaging, arterial spin labeling, resting-state functional MRI, anatomical MRI, and MR spectroscopy, as well as contrast agents, have been developed for preclinical imaging in animal models. These tools have enabled high-resolution in vivo structural, functional, and molecular readouts with a whole-brain field of view. MRI has been used to visualize non-invasively the Aβ deposits, synaptic deficits, regional brain atrophy, impairment in white matter integrity, functional connectivity, and cerebrovascular and glymphatic system in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease amyloidosis. Many of the readouts are translational toward clinical MRI applications in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in MRI for visualizing the pathophysiology in amyloidosis animal models. We discuss the outstanding challenges in brain imaging using MRI in small animals and propose future outlook in visualizing Aβ-related alterations in the brains of animal models.
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spelling pubmed-86579872021-12-10 Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Animal Models of Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloidosis Ni, Ruiqing Int J Mol Sci Review Amyloid-beta (Aβ) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Aberrant Aβ accumulation induces neuroinflammation, cerebrovascular alterations, and synaptic deficits, leading to cognitive impairment. Animal models recapitulating the Aβ pathology, such as transgenic, knock-in mouse and rat models, have facilitated the understanding of disease mechanisms and the development of therapeutics targeting Aβ. There is a rapid advance in high-field MRI in small animals. Versatile high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences, such as diffusion tensor imaging, arterial spin labeling, resting-state functional MRI, anatomical MRI, and MR spectroscopy, as well as contrast agents, have been developed for preclinical imaging in animal models. These tools have enabled high-resolution in vivo structural, functional, and molecular readouts with a whole-brain field of view. MRI has been used to visualize non-invasively the Aβ deposits, synaptic deficits, regional brain atrophy, impairment in white matter integrity, functional connectivity, and cerebrovascular and glymphatic system in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease amyloidosis. Many of the readouts are translational toward clinical MRI applications in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in MRI for visualizing the pathophysiology in amyloidosis animal models. We discuss the outstanding challenges in brain imaging using MRI in small animals and propose future outlook in visualizing Aβ-related alterations in the brains of animal models. MDPI 2021-11-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8657987/ /pubmed/34884573 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312768 Text en © 2021 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Ni, Ruiqing
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Animal Models of Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloidosis
title Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Animal Models of Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloidosis
title_full Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Animal Models of Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloidosis
title_fullStr Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Animal Models of Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloidosis
title_full_unstemmed Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Animal Models of Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloidosis
title_short Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Animal Models of Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloidosis
title_sort magnetic resonance imaging in animal models of alzheimer’s disease amyloidosis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8657987/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34884573
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312768
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