Microchannel Liquid-Cooled Heat Exchanger Based on a Nonuniform Lattice: Study on Structure Calculation, Formation Process, and Boiling Heat Transfer Performance

A microchannel radiator is advantageous due to its high efficiency and large boiling heat transfer coefficient of two-phase flow. Based on the research of uniform lattice structures, this study proposed a microchannel heat exchanger with a nonuniform lattice structure. The calculation, optimal formation, and boiling heat transfer performance of the nonuniform lattice structure based on selective laser melting (SLM) were investigated, and heat exchange samples were successfully prepared using SLM. The porosity and pore morphology of the samples were analysed, and the contrast experiments of boiling heat transfer were conducted with deionised water. The results revealed that the heat flow density of the lattice structure was a minimum of 244% higher than that of the traditional liquid-cooled plate. The critical heat flux density of the lattice structure is 110 W∙cm(−2), and the critical heat flux density of the traditional flat plate is 45 W∙cm(−2). In addition, the effects of cell structures indicated that for frame cells, the heat transfer effect of nonuniform frames was inferior to that of uniform frames; for face-centred cubic (FCC) cells, the nonuniform and uniform frames exhibited the same trend. However, the heat flow density of FCC cells was 25% higher than that of frame structures.