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Terahertz-Based Method for Accurate Characterization of Early Water Absorption Properties of Epoxy Resins and Rapid Detection of Water Absorption

Moisture is detrimental to the performance of epoxy resin material for electrical equipment in long-term operation and insulation. Therefore, moisture absorption is one of the critical indicators for insulation of the material. However, some relevant test methods, e.g., the direct weighing method, a...

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Autores principales: Dong, Hongchuan, Liu, Yunfan, Cao, Yanming, Wu, Juzhen, Zhang, Sida, Zhang, Xinlong, Cheng, Li
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8659787/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34883748
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13234250
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author Dong, Hongchuan
Liu, Yunfan
Cao, Yanming
Wu, Juzhen
Zhang, Sida
Zhang, Xinlong
Cheng, Li
author_facet Dong, Hongchuan
Liu, Yunfan
Cao, Yanming
Wu, Juzhen
Zhang, Sida
Zhang, Xinlong
Cheng, Li
author_sort Dong, Hongchuan
collection PubMed
description Moisture is detrimental to the performance of epoxy resin material for electrical equipment in long-term operation and insulation. Therefore, moisture absorption is one of the critical indicators for insulation of the material. However, some relevant test methods, e.g., the direct weighing method, are time-consuming, and it usually takes months to complete a test. For this, it is necessary to have some modification to save the test time. Firstly, the study analyzes the present prediction method (according to ISO 62:2008). Under the same accuracy, the time required is reduced from 104 days to 71 days. Subsequently, the Langmuir curve-fitting method for water absorption of epoxy resin is analyzed, and the initial values of diffusion coefficient, bonding coefficient, and de-bonding coefficient are determined based on the results of molecular simulation, relevant experiment, and literature review. With the optimized prediction model, it takes only 1.5 days (reduced by 98% as compared with the standard prediction method) to determine the moisture absorbability. Then, the factors influencing the prediction accuracy are discussed. The results have shown that the fluctuation of balance at the initial stage will affect the test precision significantly. Accordingly, this study proposes a quantitative characterization method for initial trace moisture based on the terahertz method, by which the trace moisture in epoxy resin is represented precisely through the established terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system. When this method is used to predict the moisture absorbability, the experimental time may be further shortened by 33% to 1 day. For the whole water absorption cycle curve, the error is less than 5%.
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spelling pubmed-86597872021-12-10 Terahertz-Based Method for Accurate Characterization of Early Water Absorption Properties of Epoxy Resins and Rapid Detection of Water Absorption Dong, Hongchuan Liu, Yunfan Cao, Yanming Wu, Juzhen Zhang, Sida Zhang, Xinlong Cheng, Li Polymers (Basel) Article Moisture is detrimental to the performance of epoxy resin material for electrical equipment in long-term operation and insulation. Therefore, moisture absorption is one of the critical indicators for insulation of the material. However, some relevant test methods, e.g., the direct weighing method, are time-consuming, and it usually takes months to complete a test. For this, it is necessary to have some modification to save the test time. Firstly, the study analyzes the present prediction method (according to ISO 62:2008). Under the same accuracy, the time required is reduced from 104 days to 71 days. Subsequently, the Langmuir curve-fitting method for water absorption of epoxy resin is analyzed, and the initial values of diffusion coefficient, bonding coefficient, and de-bonding coefficient are determined based on the results of molecular simulation, relevant experiment, and literature review. With the optimized prediction model, it takes only 1.5 days (reduced by 98% as compared with the standard prediction method) to determine the moisture absorbability. Then, the factors influencing the prediction accuracy are discussed. The results have shown that the fluctuation of balance at the initial stage will affect the test precision significantly. Accordingly, this study proposes a quantitative characterization method for initial trace moisture based on the terahertz method, by which the trace moisture in epoxy resin is represented precisely through the established terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system. When this method is used to predict the moisture absorbability, the experimental time may be further shortened by 33% to 1 day. For the whole water absorption cycle curve, the error is less than 5%. MDPI 2021-12-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8659787/ /pubmed/34883748 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13234250 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Dong, Hongchuan
Liu, Yunfan
Cao, Yanming
Wu, Juzhen
Zhang, Sida
Zhang, Xinlong
Cheng, Li
Terahertz-Based Method for Accurate Characterization of Early Water Absorption Properties of Epoxy Resins and Rapid Detection of Water Absorption
title Terahertz-Based Method for Accurate Characterization of Early Water Absorption Properties of Epoxy Resins and Rapid Detection of Water Absorption
title_full Terahertz-Based Method for Accurate Characterization of Early Water Absorption Properties of Epoxy Resins and Rapid Detection of Water Absorption
title_fullStr Terahertz-Based Method for Accurate Characterization of Early Water Absorption Properties of Epoxy Resins and Rapid Detection of Water Absorption
title_full_unstemmed Terahertz-Based Method for Accurate Characterization of Early Water Absorption Properties of Epoxy Resins and Rapid Detection of Water Absorption
title_short Terahertz-Based Method for Accurate Characterization of Early Water Absorption Properties of Epoxy Resins and Rapid Detection of Water Absorption
title_sort terahertz-based method for accurate characterization of early water absorption properties of epoxy resins and rapid detection of water absorption
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8659787/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34883748
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13234250
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