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Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Durability of SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibody responses after infection provides information relevant to understanding protection against COVID-19 in humans. We report the results of a sequential evaluation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in convalescent patients with a median follow-up of 14 months (range...

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Autores principales: Rosati, Margherita, Terpos, Evangelos, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Ioannis, Agarwal, Mahesh, Bear, Jenifer, Burns, Robert, Hu, Xintao, Korompoki, Eleni, Donohue, Duncan, Venzon, David J., Dimopoulos, Meletios-Athanasios, Pavlakis, George N., Felber, Barbara K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8660679/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34899762
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.793953
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author Rosati, Margherita
Terpos, Evangelos
Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Ioannis
Agarwal, Mahesh
Bear, Jenifer
Burns, Robert
Hu, Xintao
Korompoki, Eleni
Donohue, Duncan
Venzon, David J.
Dimopoulos, Meletios-Athanasios
Pavlakis, George N.
Felber, Barbara K.
author_facet Rosati, Margherita
Terpos, Evangelos
Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Ioannis
Agarwal, Mahesh
Bear, Jenifer
Burns, Robert
Hu, Xintao
Korompoki, Eleni
Donohue, Duncan
Venzon, David J.
Dimopoulos, Meletios-Athanasios
Pavlakis, George N.
Felber, Barbara K.
author_sort Rosati, Margherita
collection PubMed
description Durability of SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibody responses after infection provides information relevant to understanding protection against COVID-19 in humans. We report the results of a sequential evaluation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in convalescent patients with a median follow-up of 14 months (range 12.4-15.4) post first symptom onset. We report persistence of antibodies for all four specificities tested [Spike, Spike Receptor Binding Domain (Spike-RBD), Nucleocapsid, Nucleocapsid RNA Binding Domain (N-RBD)]. Anti-Spike antibodies persist better than anti-Nucleocapsid antibodies. The durability analysis supports a bi-phasic antibody decay with longer half-lives of antibodies after 6 months and antibody persistence for up to 14 months. Patients infected with the Wuhan (WA1) strain maintained strong cross-reactive recognition of Alpha and Delta Spike-RBD but significantly reduced binding to Beta and Mu Spike-RBD. Sixty percent of convalescent patients with detectable WA1-specific NAb also showed strong neutralization of the Delta variant, the prevalent strain of the present pandemic. These data show that convalescent patients maintain functional antibody responses for more than one year after infection, suggesting a strong long-lasting response after symptomatic disease that may offer a prolonged protection against re-infection. One patient from this cohort showed strong increase of both Spike and Nucleocapsid antibodies at 14 months post-infection indicating SARS-CoV-2 re-exposure. These antibodies showed stronger cross-reactivity to a panel of Spike-RBD including Beta, Delta and Mu and neutralization of a panel of Spike variants including Beta and Gamma. This patient provides an example of strong anti-Spike recall immunity able to control infection at an asymptomatic level. Together, the antibodies from SARS-CoV-2 convalescent patients persist over 14 months and continue to maintain cross-reactivity to the current variants of concern and show strong functional properties.
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spelling pubmed-86606792021-12-11 Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection Rosati, Margherita Terpos, Evangelos Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Ioannis Agarwal, Mahesh Bear, Jenifer Burns, Robert Hu, Xintao Korompoki, Eleni Donohue, Duncan Venzon, David J. Dimopoulos, Meletios-Athanasios Pavlakis, George N. Felber, Barbara K. Front Immunol Immunology Durability of SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibody responses after infection provides information relevant to understanding protection against COVID-19 in humans. We report the results of a sequential evaluation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in convalescent patients with a median follow-up of 14 months (range 12.4-15.4) post first symptom onset. We report persistence of antibodies for all four specificities tested [Spike, Spike Receptor Binding Domain (Spike-RBD), Nucleocapsid, Nucleocapsid RNA Binding Domain (N-RBD)]. Anti-Spike antibodies persist better than anti-Nucleocapsid antibodies. The durability analysis supports a bi-phasic antibody decay with longer half-lives of antibodies after 6 months and antibody persistence for up to 14 months. Patients infected with the Wuhan (WA1) strain maintained strong cross-reactive recognition of Alpha and Delta Spike-RBD but significantly reduced binding to Beta and Mu Spike-RBD. Sixty percent of convalescent patients with detectable WA1-specific NAb also showed strong neutralization of the Delta variant, the prevalent strain of the present pandemic. These data show that convalescent patients maintain functional antibody responses for more than one year after infection, suggesting a strong long-lasting response after symptomatic disease that may offer a prolonged protection against re-infection. One patient from this cohort showed strong increase of both Spike and Nucleocapsid antibodies at 14 months post-infection indicating SARS-CoV-2 re-exposure. These antibodies showed stronger cross-reactivity to a panel of Spike-RBD including Beta, Delta and Mu and neutralization of a panel of Spike variants including Beta and Gamma. This patient provides an example of strong anti-Spike recall immunity able to control infection at an asymptomatic level. Together, the antibodies from SARS-CoV-2 convalescent patients persist over 14 months and continue to maintain cross-reactivity to the current variants of concern and show strong functional properties. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-11-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8660679/ /pubmed/34899762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.793953 Text en Copyright © 2021 Rosati, Terpos, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Agarwal, Bear, Burns, Hu, Korompoki, Donohue, Venzon, Dimopoulos, Pavlakis and Felber https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Rosati, Margherita
Terpos, Evangelos
Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Ioannis
Agarwal, Mahesh
Bear, Jenifer
Burns, Robert
Hu, Xintao
Korompoki, Eleni
Donohue, Duncan
Venzon, David J.
Dimopoulos, Meletios-Athanasios
Pavlakis, George N.
Felber, Barbara K.
Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_full Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_fullStr Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_full_unstemmed Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_short Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_sort sequential analysis of binding and neutralizing antibody in covid-19 convalescent patients at 14 months after sars-cov-2 infection
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8660679/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34899762
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.793953
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