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SARS-CoV-2–host cell surface interactions and potential antiviral therapies
In this review, we reveal the latest developments at the interface between SARS-CoV-2 and the host cell surface. In particular, we evaluate the current and potential mechanisms of binding, fusion and the conformational changes of the spike (S) protein to host cell surface receptors, especially the h...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Royal Society
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8662392/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34956606 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2020.0081 |
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author | Butnariu, Aura-Bianca Look, Alex Grillo, Marta Tabish, Tanveer A. McGarvey, Michael J. Pranjol, Md Zahidul I. |
author_facet | Butnariu, Aura-Bianca Look, Alex Grillo, Marta Tabish, Tanveer A. McGarvey, Michael J. Pranjol, Md Zahidul I. |
author_sort | Butnariu, Aura-Bianca |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this review, we reveal the latest developments at the interface between SARS-CoV-2 and the host cell surface. In particular, we evaluate the current and potential mechanisms of binding, fusion and the conformational changes of the spike (S) protein to host cell surface receptors, especially the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. For instance, upon the initial attachment, the receptor binding domain of the S protein forms primarily hydrogen bonds with the protease domain of ACE2 resulting in conformational changes within the secondary structure. These surface interactions are of paramount importance and have been therapeutically exploited for antiviral design, such as monoclonal antibodies. Additionally, we provide an insight into novel therapies that target viral non-structural proteins, such as viral RNA polymerase. An example of which is remdesivir which has now been approved for use in COVID-19 patients by the US Food and Drug Administration. Establishing further understanding of the molecular details at the cell surface will undoubtably aid the development of more efficacious and selectively targeted therapies to reduce the burden of COVID-19. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8662392 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | The Royal Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86623922022-02-02 SARS-CoV-2–host cell surface interactions and potential antiviral therapies Butnariu, Aura-Bianca Look, Alex Grillo, Marta Tabish, Tanveer A. McGarvey, Michael J. Pranjol, Md Zahidul I. Interface Focus Articles In this review, we reveal the latest developments at the interface between SARS-CoV-2 and the host cell surface. In particular, we evaluate the current and potential mechanisms of binding, fusion and the conformational changes of the spike (S) protein to host cell surface receptors, especially the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. For instance, upon the initial attachment, the receptor binding domain of the S protein forms primarily hydrogen bonds with the protease domain of ACE2 resulting in conformational changes within the secondary structure. These surface interactions are of paramount importance and have been therapeutically exploited for antiviral design, such as monoclonal antibodies. Additionally, we provide an insight into novel therapies that target viral non-structural proteins, such as viral RNA polymerase. An example of which is remdesivir which has now been approved for use in COVID-19 patients by the US Food and Drug Administration. Establishing further understanding of the molecular details at the cell surface will undoubtably aid the development of more efficacious and selectively targeted therapies to reduce the burden of COVID-19. The Royal Society 2021-12-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8662392/ /pubmed/34956606 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2020.0081 Text en © 2021 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Articles Butnariu, Aura-Bianca Look, Alex Grillo, Marta Tabish, Tanveer A. McGarvey, Michael J. Pranjol, Md Zahidul I. SARS-CoV-2–host cell surface interactions and potential antiviral therapies |
title | SARS-CoV-2–host cell surface interactions and potential antiviral therapies |
title_full | SARS-CoV-2–host cell surface interactions and potential antiviral therapies |
title_fullStr | SARS-CoV-2–host cell surface interactions and potential antiviral therapies |
title_full_unstemmed | SARS-CoV-2–host cell surface interactions and potential antiviral therapies |
title_short | SARS-CoV-2–host cell surface interactions and potential antiviral therapies |
title_sort | sars-cov-2–host cell surface interactions and potential antiviral therapies |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8662392/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34956606 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2020.0081 |
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