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The impact of the COVID-19 preventive measures on influenza transmission: molecular and epidemiological evidence

OBJECTIVE: We quantify the impact of COVID-19-related control measures on the spread of human influenza virus H1N1 and H3N2. METHODS: We analyzed case numbers to estimate the end of the 2019−2020 influenza season and compared it with the median of the previous 9 seasons. In addition, we used influen...

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Autores principales: Tran, Leon King, Huang, Dai-Wei, Li, Nien-Kung, Li, Lucy M., Palacios, Julia A., Chang, Hsiao-Han
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8662913/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34902583
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.12.323
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author Tran, Leon King
Huang, Dai-Wei
Li, Nien-Kung
Li, Lucy M.
Palacios, Julia A.
Chang, Hsiao-Han
author_facet Tran, Leon King
Huang, Dai-Wei
Li, Nien-Kung
Li, Lucy M.
Palacios, Julia A.
Chang, Hsiao-Han
author_sort Tran, Leon King
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: We quantify the impact of COVID-19-related control measures on the spread of human influenza virus H1N1 and H3N2. METHODS: We analyzed case numbers to estimate the end of the 2019−2020 influenza season and compared it with the median of the previous 9 seasons. In addition, we used influenza molecular data to compare within-region and between-region genetic diversity and effective population size from 2019 to 2020. Finally, we analyzed personal behavior and policy stringency data for each region. RESULTS: The 2019−2020 influenza season ended earlier than the median of the previous 9 seasons in all regions. For H1N1 and H3N2, there was an increase in between-region genetic diversity in most pairs of regions between 2019 and 2020. There was a decrease in within-region genetic diversity for 12 of 14 regions for H1N1 and 9 of 12 regions for H3N2. There was a decrease in effective population size for 10 of 13 regions for H1N1 and 3 of 7 regions for H3N2. CONCLUSIONS: We found consistent evidence of a decrease in influenza incidence after the introduction of preventive measures due to COVID-19 emergence.
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spelling pubmed-86629132021-12-10 The impact of the COVID-19 preventive measures on influenza transmission: molecular and epidemiological evidence Tran, Leon King Huang, Dai-Wei Li, Nien-Kung Li, Lucy M. Palacios, Julia A. Chang, Hsiao-Han Int J Infect Dis Article OBJECTIVE: We quantify the impact of COVID-19-related control measures on the spread of human influenza virus H1N1 and H3N2. METHODS: We analyzed case numbers to estimate the end of the 2019−2020 influenza season and compared it with the median of the previous 9 seasons. In addition, we used influenza molecular data to compare within-region and between-region genetic diversity and effective population size from 2019 to 2020. Finally, we analyzed personal behavior and policy stringency data for each region. RESULTS: The 2019−2020 influenza season ended earlier than the median of the previous 9 seasons in all regions. For H1N1 and H3N2, there was an increase in between-region genetic diversity in most pairs of regions between 2019 and 2020. There was a decrease in within-region genetic diversity for 12 of 14 regions for H1N1 and 9 of 12 regions for H3N2. There was a decrease in effective population size for 10 of 13 regions for H1N1 and 3 of 7 regions for H3N2. CONCLUSIONS: We found consistent evidence of a decrease in influenza incidence after the introduction of preventive measures due to COVID-19 emergence. The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. 2022-03 2021-12-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8662913/ /pubmed/34902583 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.12.323 Text en © 2021 The Authors Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Tran, Leon King
Huang, Dai-Wei
Li, Nien-Kung
Li, Lucy M.
Palacios, Julia A.
Chang, Hsiao-Han
The impact of the COVID-19 preventive measures on influenza transmission: molecular and epidemiological evidence
title The impact of the COVID-19 preventive measures on influenza transmission: molecular and epidemiological evidence
title_full The impact of the COVID-19 preventive measures on influenza transmission: molecular and epidemiological evidence
title_fullStr The impact of the COVID-19 preventive measures on influenza transmission: molecular and epidemiological evidence
title_full_unstemmed The impact of the COVID-19 preventive measures on influenza transmission: molecular and epidemiological evidence
title_short The impact of the COVID-19 preventive measures on influenza transmission: molecular and epidemiological evidence
title_sort impact of the covid-19 preventive measures on influenza transmission: molecular and epidemiological evidence
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8662913/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34902583
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.12.323
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