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Experimental Models of Cognitive Impairment for Use in Parkinson’s Disease Research: The Distance Between Reality and Ideal

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Cognitive impairment is one of the key non-motor symptoms of PD, affecting both mortality and quality of life. However, there are few experimental studies on the pathology and treatments of PD with mild cognitive impairmen...

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Autores principales: Fan, Yaohua, Han, Jiajun, Zhao, Lijun, Wu, Chunxiao, Wu, Peipei, Huang, Zifeng, Hao, Xiaoqian, Ji, YiChun, Chen, Dongfeng, Zhu, Meiling
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8667076/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34912207
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2021.745438
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author Fan, Yaohua
Han, Jiajun
Zhao, Lijun
Wu, Chunxiao
Wu, Peipei
Huang, Zifeng
Hao, Xiaoqian
Ji, YiChun
Chen, Dongfeng
Zhu, Meiling
author_facet Fan, Yaohua
Han, Jiajun
Zhao, Lijun
Wu, Chunxiao
Wu, Peipei
Huang, Zifeng
Hao, Xiaoqian
Ji, YiChun
Chen, Dongfeng
Zhu, Meiling
author_sort Fan, Yaohua
collection PubMed
description Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Cognitive impairment is one of the key non-motor symptoms of PD, affecting both mortality and quality of life. However, there are few experimental studies on the pathology and treatments of PD with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and PD dementia (PDD) due to the lack of representative models. To identify new strategies for developing representative models, we systematically summarized previous studies on PD-MCI and PDD and compared differences between existing models and diseases. Our initial search identified 5432 articles, of which 738 were duplicates. A total of 227 articles met our inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Models fell into three categories based on model design: neurotoxin-induced, transgenic, and combined. Although the neurotoxin-induced experimental model was the most common type that was used during every time period, transgenic and combined experimental models have gained significant recent attention. Unfortunately, there remains a big gap between ideal and actual experimental models. While each model has its own disadvantages, there have been tremendous advances in the development of PD models of cognitive impairment, and almost every model can verify a hypothesis about PD-MCI or PDD. Finally, our proposed strategies for developing novel models are as follows: a set of plans that integrate symptoms, biochemistry, neuroimaging, and other objective indicators to judge and identify that the novel model plays a key role in new strategies for developing representative models; novel models should simulate different clinical features of PD-MCI or PDD; inducible α-Syn overexpression and SH-SY5Y-A53T cellular models are good candidate models of PD-MCI or PDD.
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spelling pubmed-86670762021-12-14 Experimental Models of Cognitive Impairment for Use in Parkinson’s Disease Research: The Distance Between Reality and Ideal Fan, Yaohua Han, Jiajun Zhao, Lijun Wu, Chunxiao Wu, Peipei Huang, Zifeng Hao, Xiaoqian Ji, YiChun Chen, Dongfeng Zhu, Meiling Front Aging Neurosci Neuroscience Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Cognitive impairment is one of the key non-motor symptoms of PD, affecting both mortality and quality of life. However, there are few experimental studies on the pathology and treatments of PD with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and PD dementia (PDD) due to the lack of representative models. To identify new strategies for developing representative models, we systematically summarized previous studies on PD-MCI and PDD and compared differences between existing models and diseases. Our initial search identified 5432 articles, of which 738 were duplicates. A total of 227 articles met our inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Models fell into three categories based on model design: neurotoxin-induced, transgenic, and combined. Although the neurotoxin-induced experimental model was the most common type that was used during every time period, transgenic and combined experimental models have gained significant recent attention. Unfortunately, there remains a big gap between ideal and actual experimental models. While each model has its own disadvantages, there have been tremendous advances in the development of PD models of cognitive impairment, and almost every model can verify a hypothesis about PD-MCI or PDD. Finally, our proposed strategies for developing novel models are as follows: a set of plans that integrate symptoms, biochemistry, neuroimaging, and other objective indicators to judge and identify that the novel model plays a key role in new strategies for developing representative models; novel models should simulate different clinical features of PD-MCI or PDD; inducible α-Syn overexpression and SH-SY5Y-A53T cellular models are good candidate models of PD-MCI or PDD. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-11-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8667076/ /pubmed/34912207 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2021.745438 Text en Copyright © 2021 Fan, Han, Zhao, Wu, Wu, Huang, Hao, Ji, Chen and Zhu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Fan, Yaohua
Han, Jiajun
Zhao, Lijun
Wu, Chunxiao
Wu, Peipei
Huang, Zifeng
Hao, Xiaoqian
Ji, YiChun
Chen, Dongfeng
Zhu, Meiling
Experimental Models of Cognitive Impairment for Use in Parkinson’s Disease Research: The Distance Between Reality and Ideal
title Experimental Models of Cognitive Impairment for Use in Parkinson’s Disease Research: The Distance Between Reality and Ideal
title_full Experimental Models of Cognitive Impairment for Use in Parkinson’s Disease Research: The Distance Between Reality and Ideal
title_fullStr Experimental Models of Cognitive Impairment for Use in Parkinson’s Disease Research: The Distance Between Reality and Ideal
title_full_unstemmed Experimental Models of Cognitive Impairment for Use in Parkinson’s Disease Research: The Distance Between Reality and Ideal
title_short Experimental Models of Cognitive Impairment for Use in Parkinson’s Disease Research: The Distance Between Reality and Ideal
title_sort experimental models of cognitive impairment for use in parkinson’s disease research: the distance between reality and ideal
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8667076/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34912207
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2021.745438
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