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Pain-related toxins in scorpion and spider venoms: a face to face with ion channels

Pain is a common symptom induced during envenomation by spiders and scorpions. Toxins isolated from their venom have become essential tools for studying the functioning and physiopathological role of ion channels, as they modulate their activity. In particular, toxins that induce pain relief effects...

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Autor principal: Diochot, Sylvie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Centro de Estudos de Venenos e Animais Peçonhentos (CEVAP/UNESP) 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8667759/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34925480
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2021-0026
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author Diochot, Sylvie
author_facet Diochot, Sylvie
author_sort Diochot, Sylvie
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description Pain is a common symptom induced during envenomation by spiders and scorpions. Toxins isolated from their venom have become essential tools for studying the functioning and physiopathological role of ion channels, as they modulate their activity. In particular, toxins that induce pain relief effects can serve as a molecular basis for the development of future analgesics in humans. This review provides a summary of the different scorpion and spider toxins that directly interact with pain-related ion channels, with inhibitory or stimulatory effects. Some of these toxins were shown to affect pain modalities in different animal models providing information on the role played by these channels in the pain process. The close interaction of certain gating-modifier toxins with membrane phospholipids close to ion channels is examined along with molecular approaches to improve selectivity, affinity or bioavailability in vivo for therapeutic purposes.
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spelling pubmed-86677592021-12-16 Pain-related toxins in scorpion and spider venoms: a face to face with ion channels Diochot, Sylvie J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis Review Pain is a common symptom induced during envenomation by spiders and scorpions. Toxins isolated from their venom have become essential tools for studying the functioning and physiopathological role of ion channels, as they modulate their activity. In particular, toxins that induce pain relief effects can serve as a molecular basis for the development of future analgesics in humans. This review provides a summary of the different scorpion and spider toxins that directly interact with pain-related ion channels, with inhibitory or stimulatory effects. Some of these toxins were shown to affect pain modalities in different animal models providing information on the role played by these channels in the pain process. The close interaction of certain gating-modifier toxins with membrane phospholipids close to ion channels is examined along with molecular approaches to improve selectivity, affinity or bioavailability in vivo for therapeutic purposes. Centro de Estudos de Venenos e Animais Peçonhentos (CEVAP/UNESP) 2021-12-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8667759/ /pubmed/34925480 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2021-0026 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/© The Author(s). 2021 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Review
Diochot, Sylvie
Pain-related toxins in scorpion and spider venoms: a face to face with ion channels
title Pain-related toxins in scorpion and spider venoms: a face to face with ion channels
title_full Pain-related toxins in scorpion and spider venoms: a face to face with ion channels
title_fullStr Pain-related toxins in scorpion and spider venoms: a face to face with ion channels
title_full_unstemmed Pain-related toxins in scorpion and spider venoms: a face to face with ion channels
title_short Pain-related toxins in scorpion and spider venoms: a face to face with ion channels
title_sort pain-related toxins in scorpion and spider venoms: a face to face with ion channels
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8667759/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34925480
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2021-0026
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