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Emerging Mechanisms of G(1)/S Cell Cycle Control by Human and Mouse Cytomegaloviruses
Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) are among the largest pathogenic viruses in mammals. To enable replication of their long double-stranded DNA genomes, CMVs induce profound changes in cell cycle regulation. A hallmark of CMV cell cycle control is the establishment of an unusual cell cycle arrest at the G(1)/...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Society for Microbiology
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8669474/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34903047 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02934-21 |
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author | Bogdanow, Boris Phan, Quang Vinh Wiebusch, Lüder |
author_facet | Bogdanow, Boris Phan, Quang Vinh Wiebusch, Lüder |
author_sort | Bogdanow, Boris |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) are among the largest pathogenic viruses in mammals. To enable replication of their long double-stranded DNA genomes, CMVs induce profound changes in cell cycle regulation. A hallmark of CMV cell cycle control is the establishment of an unusual cell cycle arrest at the G(1)/S transition, which is characterized by the coexistence of cell cycle stimulatory and inhibitory activities. While CMVs interfere with cellular DNA synthesis and cell division, they activate S-phase-specific gene expression and nucleotide metabolism. This is facilitated by a set of CMV gene products that target master regulators of G(1)/S progression such as cyclin E and A kinases, Rb-E2F transcription factors, p53-p21 checkpoint proteins, the APC/C ubiquitin ligase, and the nucleotide hydrolase SAMHD1. While the major themes of cell cycle regulation are well conserved between human and murine CMVs (HCMV and MCMV), there are considerable differences at the level of viral cell cycle effectors and their mechanisms of action. Furthermore, both viruses have evolved unique mechanisms to sense the host cell cycle state and modulate the infection program accordingly. This review provides an overview of conserved and divergent features of G(1)/S control by MCMV and HCMV. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8669474 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86694742021-12-16 Emerging Mechanisms of G(1)/S Cell Cycle Control by Human and Mouse Cytomegaloviruses Bogdanow, Boris Phan, Quang Vinh Wiebusch, Lüder mBio Minireview Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) are among the largest pathogenic viruses in mammals. To enable replication of their long double-stranded DNA genomes, CMVs induce profound changes in cell cycle regulation. A hallmark of CMV cell cycle control is the establishment of an unusual cell cycle arrest at the G(1)/S transition, which is characterized by the coexistence of cell cycle stimulatory and inhibitory activities. While CMVs interfere with cellular DNA synthesis and cell division, they activate S-phase-specific gene expression and nucleotide metabolism. This is facilitated by a set of CMV gene products that target master regulators of G(1)/S progression such as cyclin E and A kinases, Rb-E2F transcription factors, p53-p21 checkpoint proteins, the APC/C ubiquitin ligase, and the nucleotide hydrolase SAMHD1. While the major themes of cell cycle regulation are well conserved between human and murine CMVs (HCMV and MCMV), there are considerable differences at the level of viral cell cycle effectors and their mechanisms of action. Furthermore, both viruses have evolved unique mechanisms to sense the host cell cycle state and modulate the infection program accordingly. This review provides an overview of conserved and divergent features of G(1)/S control by MCMV and HCMV. American Society for Microbiology 2021-12-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8669474/ /pubmed/34903047 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02934-21 Text en Copyright © 2021 Bogdanow et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Minireview Bogdanow, Boris Phan, Quang Vinh Wiebusch, Lüder Emerging Mechanisms of G(1)/S Cell Cycle Control by Human and Mouse Cytomegaloviruses |
title | Emerging Mechanisms of G(1)/S Cell Cycle Control by Human and Mouse Cytomegaloviruses |
title_full | Emerging Mechanisms of G(1)/S Cell Cycle Control by Human and Mouse Cytomegaloviruses |
title_fullStr | Emerging Mechanisms of G(1)/S Cell Cycle Control by Human and Mouse Cytomegaloviruses |
title_full_unstemmed | Emerging Mechanisms of G(1)/S Cell Cycle Control by Human and Mouse Cytomegaloviruses |
title_short | Emerging Mechanisms of G(1)/S Cell Cycle Control by Human and Mouse Cytomegaloviruses |
title_sort | emerging mechanisms of g(1)/s cell cycle control by human and mouse cytomegaloviruses |
topic | Minireview |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8669474/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34903047 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02934-21 |
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