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Emerging Mechanisms of G(1)/S Cell Cycle Control by Human and Mouse Cytomegaloviruses

Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) are among the largest pathogenic viruses in mammals. To enable replication of their long double-stranded DNA genomes, CMVs induce profound changes in cell cycle regulation. A hallmark of CMV cell cycle control is the establishment of an unusual cell cycle arrest at the G(1)/...

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Autores principales: Bogdanow, Boris, Phan, Quang Vinh, Wiebusch, Lüder
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Microbiology 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8669474/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34903047
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02934-21
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author Bogdanow, Boris
Phan, Quang Vinh
Wiebusch, Lüder
author_facet Bogdanow, Boris
Phan, Quang Vinh
Wiebusch, Lüder
author_sort Bogdanow, Boris
collection PubMed
description Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) are among the largest pathogenic viruses in mammals. To enable replication of their long double-stranded DNA genomes, CMVs induce profound changes in cell cycle regulation. A hallmark of CMV cell cycle control is the establishment of an unusual cell cycle arrest at the G(1)/S transition, which is characterized by the coexistence of cell cycle stimulatory and inhibitory activities. While CMVs interfere with cellular DNA synthesis and cell division, they activate S-phase-specific gene expression and nucleotide metabolism. This is facilitated by a set of CMV gene products that target master regulators of G(1)/S progression such as cyclin E and A kinases, Rb-E2F transcription factors, p53-p21 checkpoint proteins, the APC/C ubiquitin ligase, and the nucleotide hydrolase SAMHD1. While the major themes of cell cycle regulation are well conserved between human and murine CMVs (HCMV and MCMV), there are considerable differences at the level of viral cell cycle effectors and their mechanisms of action. Furthermore, both viruses have evolved unique mechanisms to sense the host cell cycle state and modulate the infection program accordingly. This review provides an overview of conserved and divergent features of G(1)/S control by MCMV and HCMV.
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spelling pubmed-86694742021-12-16 Emerging Mechanisms of G(1)/S Cell Cycle Control by Human and Mouse Cytomegaloviruses Bogdanow, Boris Phan, Quang Vinh Wiebusch, Lüder mBio Minireview Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) are among the largest pathogenic viruses in mammals. To enable replication of their long double-stranded DNA genomes, CMVs induce profound changes in cell cycle regulation. A hallmark of CMV cell cycle control is the establishment of an unusual cell cycle arrest at the G(1)/S transition, which is characterized by the coexistence of cell cycle stimulatory and inhibitory activities. While CMVs interfere with cellular DNA synthesis and cell division, they activate S-phase-specific gene expression and nucleotide metabolism. This is facilitated by a set of CMV gene products that target master regulators of G(1)/S progression such as cyclin E and A kinases, Rb-E2F transcription factors, p53-p21 checkpoint proteins, the APC/C ubiquitin ligase, and the nucleotide hydrolase SAMHD1. While the major themes of cell cycle regulation are well conserved between human and murine CMVs (HCMV and MCMV), there are considerable differences at the level of viral cell cycle effectors and their mechanisms of action. Furthermore, both viruses have evolved unique mechanisms to sense the host cell cycle state and modulate the infection program accordingly. This review provides an overview of conserved and divergent features of G(1)/S control by MCMV and HCMV. American Society for Microbiology 2021-12-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8669474/ /pubmed/34903047 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02934-21 Text en Copyright © 2021 Bogdanow et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Minireview
Bogdanow, Boris
Phan, Quang Vinh
Wiebusch, Lüder
Emerging Mechanisms of G(1)/S Cell Cycle Control by Human and Mouse Cytomegaloviruses
title Emerging Mechanisms of G(1)/S Cell Cycle Control by Human and Mouse Cytomegaloviruses
title_full Emerging Mechanisms of G(1)/S Cell Cycle Control by Human and Mouse Cytomegaloviruses
title_fullStr Emerging Mechanisms of G(1)/S Cell Cycle Control by Human and Mouse Cytomegaloviruses
title_full_unstemmed Emerging Mechanisms of G(1)/S Cell Cycle Control by Human and Mouse Cytomegaloviruses
title_short Emerging Mechanisms of G(1)/S Cell Cycle Control by Human and Mouse Cytomegaloviruses
title_sort emerging mechanisms of g(1)/s cell cycle control by human and mouse cytomegaloviruses
topic Minireview
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8669474/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34903047
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02934-21
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