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SNAIL1: Linking Tumor Metastasis to Immune Evasion
The transcription factor Snail1, a key inducer of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), plays a critical role in tumor metastasis. Its stability is strictly controlled by multiple intracellular signal transduction pathways and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Increasing evidence indicates t...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8669501/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34917071 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.724200 |
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author | Tang, Xiaolong Sui, Xue Weng, Liang Liu, Yongshuo |
author_facet | Tang, Xiaolong Sui, Xue Weng, Liang Liu, Yongshuo |
author_sort | Tang, Xiaolong |
collection | PubMed |
description | The transcription factor Snail1, a key inducer of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), plays a critical role in tumor metastasis. Its stability is strictly controlled by multiple intracellular signal transduction pathways and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Increasing evidence indicates that methylation and acetylation of Snail1 also affects tumor metastasis. More importantly, Snail1 is involved in tumor immunosuppression by inducing chemokines and immunosuppressive cells into the tumor microenvironment (TME). In addition, some immune checkpoints potentiate Snail1 expression, such as programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and T cell immunoglobulin 3 (TIM-3). This mini review highlights the pathways and molecules involved in maintenance of Snail1 level and the significance of Snail1 in tumor immune evasion. Due to the crucial role of EMT in tumor metastasis and tumor immunosuppression, comprehensive understanding of Snail1 function may contribute to the development of novel therapeutics for cancer. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8669501 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86695012021-12-15 SNAIL1: Linking Tumor Metastasis to Immune Evasion Tang, Xiaolong Sui, Xue Weng, Liang Liu, Yongshuo Front Immunol Immunology The transcription factor Snail1, a key inducer of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), plays a critical role in tumor metastasis. Its stability is strictly controlled by multiple intracellular signal transduction pathways and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Increasing evidence indicates that methylation and acetylation of Snail1 also affects tumor metastasis. More importantly, Snail1 is involved in tumor immunosuppression by inducing chemokines and immunosuppressive cells into the tumor microenvironment (TME). In addition, some immune checkpoints potentiate Snail1 expression, such as programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and T cell immunoglobulin 3 (TIM-3). This mini review highlights the pathways and molecules involved in maintenance of Snail1 level and the significance of Snail1 in tumor immune evasion. Due to the crucial role of EMT in tumor metastasis and tumor immunosuppression, comprehensive understanding of Snail1 function may contribute to the development of novel therapeutics for cancer. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-11-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8669501/ /pubmed/34917071 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.724200 Text en Copyright © 2021 Tang, Sui, Weng and Liu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Tang, Xiaolong Sui, Xue Weng, Liang Liu, Yongshuo SNAIL1: Linking Tumor Metastasis to Immune Evasion |
title | SNAIL1: Linking Tumor Metastasis to Immune Evasion |
title_full | SNAIL1: Linking Tumor Metastasis to Immune Evasion |
title_fullStr | SNAIL1: Linking Tumor Metastasis to Immune Evasion |
title_full_unstemmed | SNAIL1: Linking Tumor Metastasis to Immune Evasion |
title_short | SNAIL1: Linking Tumor Metastasis to Immune Evasion |
title_sort | snail1: linking tumor metastasis to immune evasion |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8669501/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34917071 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.724200 |
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