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Protein expression of the tear film of domestic cats before and after inoculation with Toxoplasma gondii

BACKGROUND: Tear film (TF) helps maintain and protect ocular function against damage to the ocular surface. Proteins are one of its main constituents, whose expression pattern can be used as a biomarker of ocular changes and systemic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of...

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Autores principales: Guedes, Paula Elisa Brandão, Veloso, Jéssica Fontes, Lacerda, Luciana Carvalho, Santana, Juliano Oliveira, Mora-Ocampo, Irma Yuliana, Pirovani, Carlos Priminho, Cruz, Rebeca Dalety Santos, Munhoz, Alexandre Dias, Carlos, Renata Santiago Alberto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8670102/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34906132
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-03080-9
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author Guedes, Paula Elisa Brandão
Veloso, Jéssica Fontes
Lacerda, Luciana Carvalho
Santana, Juliano Oliveira
Mora-Ocampo, Irma Yuliana
Pirovani, Carlos Priminho
Cruz, Rebeca Dalety Santos
Munhoz, Alexandre Dias
Carlos, Renata Santiago Alberto
author_facet Guedes, Paula Elisa Brandão
Veloso, Jéssica Fontes
Lacerda, Luciana Carvalho
Santana, Juliano Oliveira
Mora-Ocampo, Irma Yuliana
Pirovani, Carlos Priminho
Cruz, Rebeca Dalety Santos
Munhoz, Alexandre Dias
Carlos, Renata Santiago Alberto
author_sort Guedes, Paula Elisa Brandão
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Tear film (TF) helps maintain and protect ocular function against damage to the ocular surface. Proteins are one of its main constituents, whose expression pattern can be used as a biomarker of ocular changes and systemic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of proteins in the TF of domestic cats before and after infection with Toxoplasma gondii, in the phases of acute infection and chronicity. Twelve healthy cats received orally homogenized brain matter obtained from mice inoculated with T. gondii oocysts, strain ME49. Cat feces were collected daily from the third day after infection to assess the release of oocysts. TF samples were obtained from cats, by Schirmer’s Tear Test 1, on day 0 (before infection), day 5 after infection (acute phase of infection, with maximum peak release of oocysts in feces) and on day 21 after infection (start of chronic phase, 7 days after total absence of oocyst release in feces). Tear samples were also submitted to proteomic analysis in a Q-Tof-Premier mass spectrometer. RESULTS: A total of 37 proteins with scores equal to or greater than 100 were identified on D0, followed by 36 on D5 and 42 on D21. Of these, 27 were common to D0 and D5, 33 to D0 and D21, 27 to D5 and D21, and 26 were common to the three groups, totaling 54 proteins. The most abundant proteins were lipocalin allergen Fel d, serum albumin, aldehyde dehydrogenase, lactoperoxidase and lactotransferrin. There was no significant difference in the abundance of proteins found on D0 and D5, but there was a statistical difference between D0 and D21 for ACT1_AEDAE, CERU_HUMAN and GELS_HUMAN. Regarding D5 and D21, there were significant differences for KV1_CANLF, LAC_PIG, TRFL_PIG, ACT1_AEDAE, CERU_HUMAN, GELS_HUMAN and OVOS2_HUMAN. CONCLUSIONS: The main proteins identified in the TF of domestic cats are similar to those found in humans and other animal species. Most are part of the ocular surface defense system against injuries. The most expressed proteins in animals in the chronic phase of T. gondii infection are associated with the immune response to the parasite. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-021-03080-9.
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spelling pubmed-86701022021-12-15 Protein expression of the tear film of domestic cats before and after inoculation with Toxoplasma gondii Guedes, Paula Elisa Brandão Veloso, Jéssica Fontes Lacerda, Luciana Carvalho Santana, Juliano Oliveira Mora-Ocampo, Irma Yuliana Pirovani, Carlos Priminho Cruz, Rebeca Dalety Santos Munhoz, Alexandre Dias Carlos, Renata Santiago Alberto BMC Vet Res Research BACKGROUND: Tear film (TF) helps maintain and protect ocular function against damage to the ocular surface. Proteins are one of its main constituents, whose expression pattern can be used as a biomarker of ocular changes and systemic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of proteins in the TF of domestic cats before and after infection with Toxoplasma gondii, in the phases of acute infection and chronicity. Twelve healthy cats received orally homogenized brain matter obtained from mice inoculated with T. gondii oocysts, strain ME49. Cat feces were collected daily from the third day after infection to assess the release of oocysts. TF samples were obtained from cats, by Schirmer’s Tear Test 1, on day 0 (before infection), day 5 after infection (acute phase of infection, with maximum peak release of oocysts in feces) and on day 21 after infection (start of chronic phase, 7 days after total absence of oocyst release in feces). Tear samples were also submitted to proteomic analysis in a Q-Tof-Premier mass spectrometer. RESULTS: A total of 37 proteins with scores equal to or greater than 100 were identified on D0, followed by 36 on D5 and 42 on D21. Of these, 27 were common to D0 and D5, 33 to D0 and D21, 27 to D5 and D21, and 26 were common to the three groups, totaling 54 proteins. The most abundant proteins were lipocalin allergen Fel d, serum albumin, aldehyde dehydrogenase, lactoperoxidase and lactotransferrin. There was no significant difference in the abundance of proteins found on D0 and D5, but there was a statistical difference between D0 and D21 for ACT1_AEDAE, CERU_HUMAN and GELS_HUMAN. Regarding D5 and D21, there were significant differences for KV1_CANLF, LAC_PIG, TRFL_PIG, ACT1_AEDAE, CERU_HUMAN, GELS_HUMAN and OVOS2_HUMAN. CONCLUSIONS: The main proteins identified in the TF of domestic cats are similar to those found in humans and other animal species. Most are part of the ocular surface defense system against injuries. The most expressed proteins in animals in the chronic phase of T. gondii infection are associated with the immune response to the parasite. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-021-03080-9. BioMed Central 2021-12-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8670102/ /pubmed/34906132 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-03080-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Guedes, Paula Elisa Brandão
Veloso, Jéssica Fontes
Lacerda, Luciana Carvalho
Santana, Juliano Oliveira
Mora-Ocampo, Irma Yuliana
Pirovani, Carlos Priminho
Cruz, Rebeca Dalety Santos
Munhoz, Alexandre Dias
Carlos, Renata Santiago Alberto
Protein expression of the tear film of domestic cats before and after inoculation with Toxoplasma gondii
title Protein expression of the tear film of domestic cats before and after inoculation with Toxoplasma gondii
title_full Protein expression of the tear film of domestic cats before and after inoculation with Toxoplasma gondii
title_fullStr Protein expression of the tear film of domestic cats before and after inoculation with Toxoplasma gondii
title_full_unstemmed Protein expression of the tear film of domestic cats before and after inoculation with Toxoplasma gondii
title_short Protein expression of the tear film of domestic cats before and after inoculation with Toxoplasma gondii
title_sort protein expression of the tear film of domestic cats before and after inoculation with toxoplasma gondii
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8670102/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34906132
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-03080-9
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