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Cardiac assessments of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the Northern Gulf of Mexico following exposure to Deepwater Horizon oil

The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill profoundly impacted the health of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Barataria Bay, LA (BB). To comprehensively assess the cardiac health of dolphins living within the DWH oil spill footprint, techniques for in-water cardiac evaluation were refined with...

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Autores principales: Linnehan, Barbara K., Gomez, Forrest M., Huston, Sharon M., Hsu, Adonia, Takeshita, Ryan, Colegrove, Kathleen M., Harms, Craig A., Barratclough, Ashley, Deming, Alissa C., Rowles, Teri K., Musser, Whitney B., Zolman, Eric S., Wells, Randall S., Jensen, Eric D., Schwacke, Lori H., Smith, Cynthia R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8670661/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34905585
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261112
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author Linnehan, Barbara K.
Gomez, Forrest M.
Huston, Sharon M.
Hsu, Adonia
Takeshita, Ryan
Colegrove, Kathleen M.
Harms, Craig A.
Barratclough, Ashley
Deming, Alissa C.
Rowles, Teri K.
Musser, Whitney B.
Zolman, Eric S.
Wells, Randall S.
Jensen, Eric D.
Schwacke, Lori H.
Smith, Cynthia R.
author_facet Linnehan, Barbara K.
Gomez, Forrest M.
Huston, Sharon M.
Hsu, Adonia
Takeshita, Ryan
Colegrove, Kathleen M.
Harms, Craig A.
Barratclough, Ashley
Deming, Alissa C.
Rowles, Teri K.
Musser, Whitney B.
Zolman, Eric S.
Wells, Randall S.
Jensen, Eric D.
Schwacke, Lori H.
Smith, Cynthia R.
author_sort Linnehan, Barbara K.
collection PubMed
description The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill profoundly impacted the health of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Barataria Bay, LA (BB). To comprehensively assess the cardiac health of dolphins living within the DWH oil spill footprint, techniques for in-water cardiac evaluation were refined with dolphins cared for by the U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program in 2018 and applied to free-ranging bottlenose dolphins in BB (n = 34) and Sarasota Bay, Florida (SB) (n = 19), a non-oiled reference population. Cardiac auscultation detected systolic murmurs in the majority of dolphins from both sites (88% BB, 89% SB) and echocardiography showed most of the murmurs were innocent flow murmurs attributed to elevated blood flow velocity [1]. Telemetric six-lead electrocardiography detected arrhythmias in BB dolphins (43%) and SB dolphins (31%), all of which were considered low to moderate risk for adverse cardiac events. Echocardiography showed BB dolphins had thinner left ventricular walls, with significant differences in intraventricular septum thickness at the end of diastole (p = 0.002), and left ventricular posterior wall thickness at the end of diastole (p = 0.033). BB dolphins also had smaller left atrial size (p = 0.004), higher prevalence of tricuspid valve prolapse (p = 0.003), higher prevalence of tricuspid valve thickening (p = 0.033), and higher prevalence of aortic valve thickening (p = 0.008). Two dolphins in BB were diagnosed with pulmonary arterial hypertension based on Doppler echocardiography-derived estimates and supporting echocardiographic findings. Histopathology of dolphins who stranded within the DWH oil spill footprint showed a significantly higher prevalence of myocardial fibrosis (p = 0.003), regardless of age, compared to dolphins outside the oil spill footprint. In conclusion, there were substantial cardiac abnormalities identified in BB dolphins which may be related to DWH oil exposure, however, future work is needed to rule out other hypotheses and further elucidate the connection between oil exposure, pulmonary disease, and the observed cardiac abnormalities.
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spelling pubmed-86706612021-12-15 Cardiac assessments of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the Northern Gulf of Mexico following exposure to Deepwater Horizon oil Linnehan, Barbara K. Gomez, Forrest M. Huston, Sharon M. Hsu, Adonia Takeshita, Ryan Colegrove, Kathleen M. Harms, Craig A. Barratclough, Ashley Deming, Alissa C. Rowles, Teri K. Musser, Whitney B. Zolman, Eric S. Wells, Randall S. Jensen, Eric D. Schwacke, Lori H. Smith, Cynthia R. PLoS One Research Article The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill profoundly impacted the health of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Barataria Bay, LA (BB). To comprehensively assess the cardiac health of dolphins living within the DWH oil spill footprint, techniques for in-water cardiac evaluation were refined with dolphins cared for by the U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program in 2018 and applied to free-ranging bottlenose dolphins in BB (n = 34) and Sarasota Bay, Florida (SB) (n = 19), a non-oiled reference population. Cardiac auscultation detected systolic murmurs in the majority of dolphins from both sites (88% BB, 89% SB) and echocardiography showed most of the murmurs were innocent flow murmurs attributed to elevated blood flow velocity [1]. Telemetric six-lead electrocardiography detected arrhythmias in BB dolphins (43%) and SB dolphins (31%), all of which were considered low to moderate risk for adverse cardiac events. Echocardiography showed BB dolphins had thinner left ventricular walls, with significant differences in intraventricular septum thickness at the end of diastole (p = 0.002), and left ventricular posterior wall thickness at the end of diastole (p = 0.033). BB dolphins also had smaller left atrial size (p = 0.004), higher prevalence of tricuspid valve prolapse (p = 0.003), higher prevalence of tricuspid valve thickening (p = 0.033), and higher prevalence of aortic valve thickening (p = 0.008). Two dolphins in BB were diagnosed with pulmonary arterial hypertension based on Doppler echocardiography-derived estimates and supporting echocardiographic findings. Histopathology of dolphins who stranded within the DWH oil spill footprint showed a significantly higher prevalence of myocardial fibrosis (p = 0.003), regardless of age, compared to dolphins outside the oil spill footprint. In conclusion, there were substantial cardiac abnormalities identified in BB dolphins which may be related to DWH oil exposure, however, future work is needed to rule out other hypotheses and further elucidate the connection between oil exposure, pulmonary disease, and the observed cardiac abnormalities. Public Library of Science 2021-12-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8670661/ /pubmed/34905585 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261112 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
Linnehan, Barbara K.
Gomez, Forrest M.
Huston, Sharon M.
Hsu, Adonia
Takeshita, Ryan
Colegrove, Kathleen M.
Harms, Craig A.
Barratclough, Ashley
Deming, Alissa C.
Rowles, Teri K.
Musser, Whitney B.
Zolman, Eric S.
Wells, Randall S.
Jensen, Eric D.
Schwacke, Lori H.
Smith, Cynthia R.
Cardiac assessments of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the Northern Gulf of Mexico following exposure to Deepwater Horizon oil
title Cardiac assessments of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the Northern Gulf of Mexico following exposure to Deepwater Horizon oil
title_full Cardiac assessments of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the Northern Gulf of Mexico following exposure to Deepwater Horizon oil
title_fullStr Cardiac assessments of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the Northern Gulf of Mexico following exposure to Deepwater Horizon oil
title_full_unstemmed Cardiac assessments of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the Northern Gulf of Mexico following exposure to Deepwater Horizon oil
title_short Cardiac assessments of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the Northern Gulf of Mexico following exposure to Deepwater Horizon oil
title_sort cardiac assessments of bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) in the northern gulf of mexico following exposure to deepwater horizon oil
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8670661/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34905585
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261112
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