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Body Mass Index, Diabetes, and Risk of Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Although both diabetes mellitus (DM) and underweight are associated with increased risk of tuberculosis (TB), there are limited data evaluating TB risk while considering two factors simultaneously—body mass index (BMI) and DM. A retrospective cohort study was performed with 10,087,903 participants o...

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Autores principales: Choi, Hayoung, Yoo, Jung Eun, Han, Kyungdo, Choi, Wonsuk, Rhee, Sang Youl, Lee, Hyun, Shin, Dong Wook
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8671831/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34926543
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.739766
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author Choi, Hayoung
Yoo, Jung Eun
Han, Kyungdo
Choi, Wonsuk
Rhee, Sang Youl
Lee, Hyun
Shin, Dong Wook
author_facet Choi, Hayoung
Yoo, Jung Eun
Han, Kyungdo
Choi, Wonsuk
Rhee, Sang Youl
Lee, Hyun
Shin, Dong Wook
author_sort Choi, Hayoung
collection PubMed
description Although both diabetes mellitus (DM) and underweight are associated with increased risk of tuberculosis (TB), there are limited data evaluating TB risk while considering two factors simultaneously—body mass index (BMI) and DM. A retrospective cohort study was performed with 10,087,903 participants of the Korean National Health Screening Program in 2009. The cohort was followed up to the date of TB incidence, death, or until December 31, 2018. We compared the incidence and risk of TB according to BMI category and DM. During the 7.3-year follow-up duration, the incidence of TB was 0.92 per 1,000 person-years in the normal weight without DM, 2.26 in the normal weight with DM, 1.80 in the underweight without DM, and 5.35 in the underweight with DM. Compared to the normal weight without DM, the normal weight with DM, the underweight without DM, and the underweight with DM showed a 1.51-fold (95% CI, 1.46–1.57), a 2.21-fold (95% CI, 2.14–2.28), and a 3.24-fold (95% CI, 2.95–3.56) increased risk of TB, respectively. However, compared to the normal weight without DM, the severely obese without DM and those with DM showed a 0.37 (95% CI, 0.36–0.38) and a 0.42 (95% CI, 0.36–0.48)-fold decreased risk of TB, respectively. There was no significant joint effect of BMI and DM on the risk of incident TB in the overall population; a synergistic effect of underweight and DM was evident in participants <65 years of age, current smokers, and heavy drinkers. In conclusion, being underweight or DM individually increases the risk of incident TB. Based on our study results, a focused screening of incident TB in patients with DM may be beneficial.
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spelling pubmed-86718312021-12-16 Body Mass Index, Diabetes, and Risk of Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study Choi, Hayoung Yoo, Jung Eun Han, Kyungdo Choi, Wonsuk Rhee, Sang Youl Lee, Hyun Shin, Dong Wook Front Nutr Nutrition Although both diabetes mellitus (DM) and underweight are associated with increased risk of tuberculosis (TB), there are limited data evaluating TB risk while considering two factors simultaneously—body mass index (BMI) and DM. A retrospective cohort study was performed with 10,087,903 participants of the Korean National Health Screening Program in 2009. The cohort was followed up to the date of TB incidence, death, or until December 31, 2018. We compared the incidence and risk of TB according to BMI category and DM. During the 7.3-year follow-up duration, the incidence of TB was 0.92 per 1,000 person-years in the normal weight without DM, 2.26 in the normal weight with DM, 1.80 in the underweight without DM, and 5.35 in the underweight with DM. Compared to the normal weight without DM, the normal weight with DM, the underweight without DM, and the underweight with DM showed a 1.51-fold (95% CI, 1.46–1.57), a 2.21-fold (95% CI, 2.14–2.28), and a 3.24-fold (95% CI, 2.95–3.56) increased risk of TB, respectively. However, compared to the normal weight without DM, the severely obese without DM and those with DM showed a 0.37 (95% CI, 0.36–0.38) and a 0.42 (95% CI, 0.36–0.48)-fold decreased risk of TB, respectively. There was no significant joint effect of BMI and DM on the risk of incident TB in the overall population; a synergistic effect of underweight and DM was evident in participants <65 years of age, current smokers, and heavy drinkers. In conclusion, being underweight or DM individually increases the risk of incident TB. Based on our study results, a focused screening of incident TB in patients with DM may be beneficial. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-12-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8671831/ /pubmed/34926543 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.739766 Text en Copyright © 2021 Choi, Yoo, Han, Choi, Rhee, Lee and Shin. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Nutrition
Choi, Hayoung
Yoo, Jung Eun
Han, Kyungdo
Choi, Wonsuk
Rhee, Sang Youl
Lee, Hyun
Shin, Dong Wook
Body Mass Index, Diabetes, and Risk of Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title Body Mass Index, Diabetes, and Risk of Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_full Body Mass Index, Diabetes, and Risk of Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_fullStr Body Mass Index, Diabetes, and Risk of Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_full_unstemmed Body Mass Index, Diabetes, and Risk of Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_short Body Mass Index, Diabetes, and Risk of Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_sort body mass index, diabetes, and risk of tuberculosis: a retrospective cohort study
topic Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8671831/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34926543
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.739766
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