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Effects of a Highly Challenging Balance Training Program on Motor Function and Brain Structure in Parkinson’s Disease
BACKGROUND: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by motor deficits and brain alterations having a detrimental impact on balance, gait, and cognition. Intensive physical exercise can induce changes in the neural system, potentially counteracting neurodegeneration in PD and improving clinical sym...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
IOS Press
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8673526/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34511513 http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JPD-212801 |
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author | Albrecht, Franziska Pereira, Joana B. Mijalkov, Mite Freidle, Malin Johansson, Hanna Ekman, Urban Westman, Eric Franzén, Erika |
author_facet | Albrecht, Franziska Pereira, Joana B. Mijalkov, Mite Freidle, Malin Johansson, Hanna Ekman, Urban Westman, Eric Franzén, Erika |
author_sort | Albrecht, Franziska |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by motor deficits and brain alterations having a detrimental impact on balance, gait, and cognition. Intensive physical exercise can induce changes in the neural system, potentially counteracting neurodegeneration in PD and improving clinical symptoms. OBJECTIVE: This randomized controlled trial investigated effects of a highly challenging, cognitively demanding, balance and gait training (HiBalance) program in participants with PD on brain structure. METHODS: 95 participants were assigned to either the HiBalance or an active control speech training program. The group-based interventions were performed in 1-hour sessions, twice per week over a 10-week period. Participants underwent balance, gait, cognitive function, and structural magnetic resonance imaging assessments before and after the interventions. Voxel-based morphometry was analyzed in 34 HiBalance and 31 active controls. Additionally, structural covariance networks were assessed. RESULTS: There was no significant time by group interaction between the HiBalance and control training in balance, gait, or brain volume. Within-HiBalance-group analyses showed higher left putamen volumes post-training. In repeated measures correlation a positive linear, non-significant relationship between gait speed and putamen volume was revealed. In the HiBalance group we found community structure changes and stronger thalamic-cerebellar connectivity in structural covariance networks. Neither brain volume changes nor topology changes were found for the active controls after the training. CONCLUSION: Thus, subtle structural brain changes occur after balance and gait training. Future studies need to determine whether training modifications or other assessment methods lead to stronger effects. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8673526 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | IOS Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86735262021-12-29 Effects of a Highly Challenging Balance Training Program on Motor Function and Brain Structure in Parkinson’s Disease Albrecht, Franziska Pereira, Joana B. Mijalkov, Mite Freidle, Malin Johansson, Hanna Ekman, Urban Westman, Eric Franzén, Erika J Parkinsons Dis Research Report BACKGROUND: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by motor deficits and brain alterations having a detrimental impact on balance, gait, and cognition. Intensive physical exercise can induce changes in the neural system, potentially counteracting neurodegeneration in PD and improving clinical symptoms. OBJECTIVE: This randomized controlled trial investigated effects of a highly challenging, cognitively demanding, balance and gait training (HiBalance) program in participants with PD on brain structure. METHODS: 95 participants were assigned to either the HiBalance or an active control speech training program. The group-based interventions were performed in 1-hour sessions, twice per week over a 10-week period. Participants underwent balance, gait, cognitive function, and structural magnetic resonance imaging assessments before and after the interventions. Voxel-based morphometry was analyzed in 34 HiBalance and 31 active controls. Additionally, structural covariance networks were assessed. RESULTS: There was no significant time by group interaction between the HiBalance and control training in balance, gait, or brain volume. Within-HiBalance-group analyses showed higher left putamen volumes post-training. In repeated measures correlation a positive linear, non-significant relationship between gait speed and putamen volume was revealed. In the HiBalance group we found community structure changes and stronger thalamic-cerebellar connectivity in structural covariance networks. Neither brain volume changes nor topology changes were found for the active controls after the training. CONCLUSION: Thus, subtle structural brain changes occur after balance and gait training. Future studies need to determine whether training modifications or other assessment methods lead to stronger effects. IOS Press 2021-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8673526/ /pubmed/34511513 http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JPD-212801 Text en © 2021 – The authors. Published by IOS Press https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Report Albrecht, Franziska Pereira, Joana B. Mijalkov, Mite Freidle, Malin Johansson, Hanna Ekman, Urban Westman, Eric Franzén, Erika Effects of a Highly Challenging Balance Training Program on Motor Function and Brain Structure in Parkinson’s Disease |
title | Effects of a Highly Challenging Balance Training Program on Motor Function and Brain Structure in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full | Effects of a Highly Challenging Balance Training Program on Motor Function and Brain Structure in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_fullStr | Effects of a Highly Challenging Balance Training Program on Motor Function and Brain Structure in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of a Highly Challenging Balance Training Program on Motor Function and Brain Structure in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_short | Effects of a Highly Challenging Balance Training Program on Motor Function and Brain Structure in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_sort | effects of a highly challenging balance training program on motor function and brain structure in parkinson’s disease |
topic | Research Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8673526/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34511513 http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JPD-212801 |
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