CD3(+)T, CD4(+)T, CD8(+)T, and CD4(+)T/CD8(+)T Ratio and Quantity of γδT Cells in Peripheral Blood of HIV-Infected/AIDS Patients and Its Clinical Significance

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the quantity of CD4(+)T, CD4(+)T, CD8(+)T, and γδT cells in peripheral blood of HIV-infected/AIDS patients as well as to explore the possible role of CD4/CD8 ratio and γδT cells in the progression of HIV/AIDS, aimed at providing evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of AIDS. METHODS: The quantity levels of CD3(+)T cells, CD4(+)T cells, CD8(+)T cells, and γδT cells in peripheral blood of 46 HIV-infected/AIDS patients and 30 healthy controls were detected by using flow cytometry. RESULTS: The count of CD3(+)T, CD4(+)T, CD8(+)T, and γδT cells ([Formula: see text] , A/μl) in the peripheral blood was 1183.64 ± 132.58, 278.39 ± 122.38, 863.13 ± 82.38, and 22.53 ± 1.74 in the experimental group as well as 1456.46 ± 124.37, 788.74 ± 189.67, 569.61 ± 46.49, and 10.96 ± 0.28 in the control group, respectively. The p values of the two groups were <0.005 after the t-test, revealing a statistically significant difference. The proportion of CD3(+)T, CD4(+)T, CD8(+)T, and γδT cells in total lymphocytes in the two groups ([Formula: see text] , %) was 71.83 ± 5.37, 13.39 ± 2.23, 62.93 ± 5.81, and 3.67 ± 0.87 in the experimental group, respectively. In the control group, the values were expressed as 66.72 ± 5.48, 42.77 ± 3.38, 31.41 ± 3.62, and 1.73 ± 0.36, respectively. After performing the t-test, p values in the two groups were <0.005 except CD3(+)T, with statistically significant differences. Besides, CD4/CD8 was 0.33 ± 0.11 in the experimental group and 1.48 ± 0.29 in the control group, t = 26.528, p < 0.001, exhibiting a significant statistical difference. CONCLUSION: HIV infection induces the activation and proliferation of CD8(+)T and γδT cells, contributing to the decrease of CD4(+)T cells, while CD8(+)T and γδT cells are involved in the immune response and tissue damage after HIV infection.