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Identification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala
Abnormality of fear memory is one of the important pathogenic factors leading to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorder, and other mental disorders. Clinically, although exposure therapy, which is based on the principle of fear memory extinction, has a certain effect on these diseas...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8675638/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34924954 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2021.778170 |
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author | Su, Jinfeng Li, Pingping Zhuang, Qishuai Chen, Xing Zhang, Xiaoning Li, Xiaobing Wang, Jingxian Yu, Xiaohan Wang, Yue |
author_facet | Su, Jinfeng Li, Pingping Zhuang, Qishuai Chen, Xing Zhang, Xiaoning Li, Xiaobing Wang, Jingxian Yu, Xiaohan Wang, Yue |
author_sort | Su, Jinfeng |
collection | PubMed |
description | Abnormality of fear memory is one of the important pathogenic factors leading to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorder, and other mental disorders. Clinically, although exposure therapy, which is based on the principle of fear memory extinction, has a certain effect on these diseases, it still relapses frequently in some cases. These troubles can be effectively solved by retrieving the memory in a certain time window before the extinction of fear memory. Therefore, it is generally believed that the extinction of fear memory is the result of forming new safe memory to competitively inhibit the original fear memory, while the retrieval-extinction operation is the updating or erasure of the original fear memory, thus, which has greater clinical therapeutic potential. However, what are the detailed molecular networks, specifically the circular RNAs (circRNAs), involved in fear memory updating, and the differences with fear extinction, are still unknown. In this study, we systematically observed the expression of mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNA), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circRNAs in the basolateral amygdala of mice after fear memory formation, extinction, and updating by whole-transcriptional sequencing, then a variety of inter-group comparison and bioinformatics analysis were used to find the differential expressed RNAs, enrich the function of them, and construct the molecular interaction networks. Moreover, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) molecular networks and transcriptional regulatory networks for the candidate circRNAs were constructed. Through these analyses, we found that about 10% of molecules were both involved in the fear memory extinction and formation, but the molecules and their signaling pathways were almost completely different between fear memory extinction and updating. This study describes a relatively detailed molecular network for fear memory updating, which might provide some novel directions for further mechanism research, and help to develop a specific physical method for fear memory intervention, based on the regulation of these key molecules. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8675638 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86756382021-12-17 Identification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala Su, Jinfeng Li, Pingping Zhuang, Qishuai Chen, Xing Zhang, Xiaoning Li, Xiaobing Wang, Jingxian Yu, Xiaohan Wang, Yue Front Mol Neurosci Molecular Neuroscience Abnormality of fear memory is one of the important pathogenic factors leading to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorder, and other mental disorders. Clinically, although exposure therapy, which is based on the principle of fear memory extinction, has a certain effect on these diseases, it still relapses frequently in some cases. These troubles can be effectively solved by retrieving the memory in a certain time window before the extinction of fear memory. Therefore, it is generally believed that the extinction of fear memory is the result of forming new safe memory to competitively inhibit the original fear memory, while the retrieval-extinction operation is the updating or erasure of the original fear memory, thus, which has greater clinical therapeutic potential. However, what are the detailed molecular networks, specifically the circular RNAs (circRNAs), involved in fear memory updating, and the differences with fear extinction, are still unknown. In this study, we systematically observed the expression of mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNA), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circRNAs in the basolateral amygdala of mice after fear memory formation, extinction, and updating by whole-transcriptional sequencing, then a variety of inter-group comparison and bioinformatics analysis were used to find the differential expressed RNAs, enrich the function of them, and construct the molecular interaction networks. Moreover, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) molecular networks and transcriptional regulatory networks for the candidate circRNAs were constructed. Through these analyses, we found that about 10% of molecules were both involved in the fear memory extinction and formation, but the molecules and their signaling pathways were almost completely different between fear memory extinction and updating. This study describes a relatively detailed molecular network for fear memory updating, which might provide some novel directions for further mechanism research, and help to develop a specific physical method for fear memory intervention, based on the regulation of these key molecules. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-12-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8675638/ /pubmed/34924954 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2021.778170 Text en Copyright © 2021 Su, Li, Zhuang, Chen, Zhang, Li, Wang, Yu and Wang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Molecular Neuroscience Su, Jinfeng Li, Pingping Zhuang, Qishuai Chen, Xing Zhang, Xiaoning Li, Xiaobing Wang, Jingxian Yu, Xiaohan Wang, Yue Identification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala |
title | Identification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala |
title_full | Identification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala |
title_fullStr | Identification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala |
title_full_unstemmed | Identification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala |
title_short | Identification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala |
title_sort | identification of the similarities and differences of molecular networks associated with fear memory formation, extinction, and updating in the amygdala |
topic | Molecular Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8675638/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34924954 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2021.778170 |
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